Initial project files: BESCMS full source

dayrui/System/Database/BasePreparedQuery.php

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+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use ArgumentCountError;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Events\Events;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\BadMethodCallException;
+use ErrorException;
+
+/**
+ * @template TConnection
+ * @template TStatement
+ * @template TResult
+ *
+ * @implements PreparedQueryInterface<TConnection, TStatement, TResult>
+ */
+abstract class BasePreparedQuery implements PreparedQueryInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * The prepared statement itself.
+     *
+     * @var TStatement|null
+     */
+    protected $statement;
+
+    /**
+     * The error code, if any.
+     *
+     * @var int
+     */
+    protected $errorCode;
+
+    /**
+     * The error message, if any.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $errorString;
+
+    /**
+     * Holds the prepared query object
+     * that is cloned during execute.
+     *
+     * @var Query
+     */
+    protected $query;
+
+    /**
+     * A reference to the db connection to use.
+     *
+     * @var BaseConnection<TConnection, TResult>
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    public function __construct(BaseConnection $db)
+    {
+        $this->db = $db;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares the query against the database, and saves the connection
+     * info necessary to execute the query later.
+     *
+     * NOTE: This version is based on SQL code. Child classes should
+     * override this method.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function prepare(string $sql, array $options = [], string $queryClass = Query::class)
+    {
+        // We only supports positional placeholders (?)
+        // in order to work with the execute method below, so we
+        // need to replace our named placeholders (:name)
+        $sql = preg_replace('/:[^\s,)]+/', '?', $sql);
+
+        /** @var Query $query */
+        $query = new $queryClass($this->db);
+
+        $query->setQuery($sql);
+
+        if (! empty($this->db->swapPre) && ! empty($this->db->DBPrefix)) {
+            $query->swapPrefix($this->db->DBPrefix, $this->db->swapPre);
+        }
+
+        $this->query = $query;
+
+        return $this->_prepare($query->getOriginalQuery(), $options);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The database-dependent portion of the prepare statement.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    abstract public function _prepare(string $sql, array $options = []);
+
+    /**
+     * Takes a new set of data and runs it against the currently
+     * prepared query. Upon success, will return a Results object.
+     *
+     * @return bool|ResultInterface<TConnection, TResult>
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function execute(...$data)
+    {
+        // Execute the Query.
+        $startTime = microtime(true);
+
+        try {
+            $exception = null;
+            $result    = $this->_execute($data);
+        } catch (ArgumentCountError|ErrorException $exception) {
+            $result = false;
+        }
+
+        // Update our query object
+        $query = clone $this->query;
+        $query->setBinds($data);
+
+        if ($result === false) {
+            $query->setDuration($startTime, $startTime);
+
+            // This will trigger a rollback if transactions are being used
+            $this->db->handleTransStatus();
+
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                // We call this function in order to roll-back queries
+                // if transactions are enabled. If we don't call this here
+                // the error message will trigger an exit, causing the
+                // transactions to remain in limbo.
+                while ($this->db->transDepth !== 0) {
+                    $transDepth = $this->db->transDepth;
+                    $this->db->transComplete();
+
+                    if ($transDepth === $this->db->transDepth) {
+                        log_message('error', 'Database: Failure during an automated transaction commit/rollback!');
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Let others do something with this query.
+                Events::trigger('DBQuery', $query);
+
+                if ($exception !== null) {
+                    throw new DatabaseException($exception->getMessage(), $exception->getCode(), $exception);
+                }
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // Let others do something with this query.
+            Events::trigger('DBQuery', $query);
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $query->setDuration($startTime);
+
+        // Let others do something with this query
+        Events::trigger('DBQuery', $query);
+
+        if ($this->db->isWriteType((string) $query)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Return a result object
+        $resultClass = str_replace('PreparedQuery', 'Result', static::class);
+
+        $resultID = $this->_getResult();
+
+        return new $resultClass($this->db->connID, $resultID);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The database dependant version of the execute method.
+     */
+    abstract public function _execute(array $data): bool;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result object for the prepared query.
+     *
+     * @return object|resource|null
+     */
+    abstract public function _getResult();
+
+    /**
+     * Explicitly closes the prepared statement.
+     *
+     * @throws BadMethodCallException
+     */
+    public function close(): bool
+    {
+        if (! isset($this->statement)) {
+            throw new BadMethodCallException('Cannot call close on a non-existing prepared statement.');
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return $this->_close();
+        } finally {
+            $this->statement = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The database-dependent version of the close method.
+     */
+    abstract protected function _close(): bool;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the SQL that has been prepared.
+     */
+    public function getQueryString(): string
+    {
+        if (! $this->query instanceof QueryInterface) {
+            throw new BadMethodCallException('Cannot call getQueryString on a prepared query until after the query has been prepared.');
+        }
+
+        return $this->query->getQuery();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A helper to determine if any error exists.
+     */
+    public function hasError(): bool
+    {
+        return ! empty($this->errorString);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error code created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorCode(): int
+    {
+        return $this->errorCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error message created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorMessage(): string
+    {
+        return $this->errorString;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the input contain binary data.
+     */
+    protected function isBinary(string $input): bool
+    {
+        return mb_detect_encoding($input, 'UTF-8', true) === false;
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/BaseResult.php

@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Entity\Entity;
+use stdClass;
+
+/**
+ * @template TConnection
+ * @template TResult
+ *
+ * @implements ResultInterface<TConnection, TResult>
+ */
+abstract class BaseResult implements ResultInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Connection ID
+     *
+     * @var TConnection
+     */
+    public $connID;
+
+    /**
+     * Result ID
+     *
+     * @var false|TResult
+     */
+    public $resultID;
+
+    /**
+     * Result Array
+     *
+     * @var list<array>
+     */
+    public $resultArray = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Result Object
+     *
+     * @var list<object>
+     */
+    public $resultObject = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Custom Result Object
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    public $customResultObject = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Current Row index
+     *
+     * @var int
+     */
+    public $currentRow = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of records in the query result
+     *
+     * @var int|null
+     */
+    protected $numRows;
+
+    /**
+     * Row data
+     *
+     * @var array|null
+     */
+    public $rowData;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor
+     *
+     * @param TConnection $connID
+     * @param TResult     $resultID
+     */
+    public function __construct(&$connID, &$resultID)
+    {
+        $this->connID   = $connID;
+        $this->resultID = $resultID;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the results of the query. Typically an array of
+     * individual data rows, which can be either an 'array', an
+     * 'object', or a custom class name.
+     *
+     * @param string $type The row type. Either 'array', 'object', or a class name to use
+     */
+    public function getResult(string $type = 'object'): array
+    {
+        if ($type === 'array') {
+            return $this->getResultArray();
+        }
+
+        if ($type === 'object') {
+            return $this->getResultObject();
+        }
+
+        return $this->getCustomResultObject($type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the results as an array of custom objects.
+     *
+     * @param class-string $className
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function getCustomResultObject(string $className)
+    {
+        if (isset($this->customResultObject[$className])) {
+            return $this->customResultObject[$className];
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->isValidResultId()) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        // Don't fetch the result set again if we already have it
+        $_data = null;
+        if (($c = count($this->resultArray)) > 0) {
+            $_data = 'resultArray';
+        } elseif (($c = count($this->resultObject)) > 0) {
+            $_data = 'resultObject';
+        }
+
+        if ($_data !== null) {
+            for ($i = 0; $i < $c; $i++) {
+                $this->customResultObject[$className][$i] = new $className();
+
+                foreach ($this->{$_data}[$i] as $key => $value) {
+                    $this->customResultObject[$className][$i]->{$key} = $value;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return $this->customResultObject[$className];
+        }
+
+        if ($this->rowData !== null) {
+            $this->dataSeek();
+        }
+        $this->customResultObject[$className] = [];
+
+        while ($row = $this->fetchObject($className)) {
+            if (! is_subclass_of($row, Entity::class) && method_exists($row, 'syncOriginal')) {
+                $row->syncOriginal();
+            }
+
+            $this->customResultObject[$className][] = $row;
+        }
+
+        return $this->customResultObject[$className];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the results as an array of arrays.
+     *
+     * If no results, an empty array is returned.
+     */
+    public function getResultArray(): array
+    {
+        if ($this->resultArray !== []) {
+            return $this->resultArray;
+        }
+
+        // In the event that query caching is on, the result_id variable
+        // will not be a valid resource so we'll simply return an empty
+        // array.
+        if (! $this->isValidResultId()) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        if ($this->resultObject !== []) {
+            foreach ($this->resultObject as $row) {
+                $this->resultArray[] = (array) $row;
+            }
+
+            return $this->resultArray;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->rowData !== null) {
+            $this->dataSeek();
+        }
+
+        while ($row = $this->fetchAssoc()) {
+            $this->resultArray[] = $row;
+        }
+
+        return $this->resultArray;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the results as an array of objects.
+     *
+     * If no results, an empty array is returned.
+     *
+     * @return list<stdClass>
+     */
+    public function getResultObject(): array
+    {
+        if ($this->resultObject !== []) {
+            return $this->resultObject;
+        }
+
+        // In the event that query caching is on, the result_id variable
+        // will not be a valid resource so we'll simply return an empty
+        // array.
+        if (! $this->isValidResultId()) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        if ($this->resultArray !== []) {
+            foreach ($this->resultArray as $row) {
+                $this->resultObject[] = (object) $row;
+            }
+
+            return $this->resultObject;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->rowData !== null) {
+            $this->dataSeek();
+        }
+
+        while ($row = $this->fetchObject()) {
+            if (! is_subclass_of($row, Entity::class) && method_exists($row, 'syncOriginal')) {
+                $row->syncOriginal();
+            }
+
+            $this->resultObject[] = $row;
+        }
+
+        return $this->resultObject;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wrapper object to return a row as either an array, an object, or
+     * a custom class.
+     *
+     * If the row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @template T of object
+     *
+     * @param int|string                       $n    The index of the results to return, or column name.
+     * @param 'array'|'object'|class-string<T> $type The type of result object. 'array', 'object' or class name.
+     *
+     * @return ($n is string ? float|int|string|null : ($type is 'object' ? stdClass|null : ($type is 'array' ? array|null : T|null)))
+     */
+    public function getRow($n = 0, string $type = 'object')
+    {
+        // $n is a column name.
+        if (! is_numeric($n)) {
+            // We cache the row data for subsequent uses
+            if (! is_array($this->rowData)) {
+                $this->rowData = $this->getRowArray();
+            }
+
+            // array_key_exists() instead of isset() to allow for NULL values
+            if (empty($this->rowData) || ! array_key_exists($n, $this->rowData)) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            return $this->rowData[$n];
+        }
+
+        if ($type === 'object') {
+            return $this->getRowObject($n);
+        }
+
+        if ($type === 'array') {
+            return $this->getRowArray($n);
+        }
+
+        return $this->getCustomRowObject($n, $type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a row as a custom class instance.
+     *
+     * If the row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @template T of object
+     *
+     * @param int             $n         The index of the results to return.
+     * @param class-string<T> $className
+     *
+     * @return T|null
+     */
+    public function getCustomRowObject(int $n, string $className)
+    {
+        if (! isset($this->customResultObject[$className])) {
+            $this->getCustomResultObject($className);
+        }
+
+        if (empty($this->customResultObject[$className])) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ($n !== $this->currentRow && isset($this->customResultObject[$className][$n])) {
+            $this->currentRow = $n;
+        }
+
+        return $this->customResultObject[$className][$this->currentRow];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a single row from the results as an array.
+     *
+     * If row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @return array|null
+     */
+    public function getRowArray(int $n = 0)
+    {
+        $result = $this->getResultArray();
+        if ($result === []) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ($n !== $this->currentRow && isset($result[$n])) {
+            $this->currentRow = $n;
+        }
+
+        return $result[$this->currentRow];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a single row from the results as an object.
+     *
+     * If row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @return object|stdClass|null
+     */
+    public function getRowObject(int $n = 0)
+    {
+        $result = $this->getResultObject();
+        if ($result === []) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ($n !== $this->customResultObject && isset($result[$n])) {
+            $this->currentRow = $n;
+        }
+
+        return $result[$this->currentRow];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assigns an item into a particular column slot.
+     *
+     * @param array|string               $key
+     * @param array|object|stdClass|null $value
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function setRow($key, $value = null)
+    {
+        // We cache the row data for subsequent uses
+        if (! is_array($this->rowData)) {
+            $this->rowData = $this->getRowArray();
+        }
+
+        if (is_array($key)) {
+            foreach ($key as $k => $v) {
+                $this->rowData[$k] = $v;
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ($key !== '' && $value !== null) {
+            $this->rowData[$key] = $value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "first" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getFirstRow(string $type = 'object')
+    {
+        $result = $this->getResult($type);
+
+        return ($result === []) ? null : $result[0];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "last" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getLastRow(string $type = 'object')
+    {
+        $result = $this->getResult($type);
+
+        return ($result === []) ? null : $result[count($result) - 1];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "next" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getNextRow(string $type = 'object')
+    {
+        $result = $this->getResult($type);
+        if ($result === []) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return isset($result[$this->currentRow + 1]) ? $result[++$this->currentRow] : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "previous" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getPreviousRow(string $type = 'object')
+    {
+        $result = $this->getResult($type);
+        if ($result === []) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($result[$this->currentRow - 1])) {
+            $this->currentRow--;
+        }
+
+        return $result[$this->currentRow];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an unbuffered row and move the pointer to the next row.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getUnbufferedRow(string $type = 'object')
+    {
+        if ($type === 'array') {
+            return $this->fetchAssoc();
+        }
+
+        if ($type === 'object') {
+            return $this->fetchObject();
+        }
+
+        return $this->fetchObject($type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of rows in the result set; checks for previous count, falls
+     * back on counting resultArray or resultObject, finally fetching resultArray
+     * if nothing was previously fetched
+     */
+    public function getNumRows(): int
+    {
+        if (is_int($this->numRows)) {
+            return $this->numRows;
+        }
+        if ($this->resultArray !== []) {
+            return $this->numRows = count($this->resultArray);
+        }
+        if ($this->resultObject !== []) {
+            return $this->numRows = count($this->resultObject);
+        }
+
+        return $this->numRows = count($this->getResultArray());
+    }
+
+    private function isValidResultId(): bool
+    {
+        return is_resource($this->resultID) || is_object($this->resultID);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the number of fields in the result set.
+     */
+    abstract public function getFieldCount(): int;
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of column names in the result set.
+     */
+    abstract public function getFieldNames(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of objects representing field meta-data.
+     */
+    abstract public function getFieldData(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Frees the current result.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract public function freeResult();
+
+    /**
+     * Moves the internal pointer to the desired offset. This is called
+     * internally before fetching results to make sure the result set
+     * starts at zero.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    abstract public function dataSeek(int $n = 0);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result set as an array.
+     *
+     * Overridden by driver classes.
+     *
+     * @return array|false|null
+     */
+    abstract protected function fetchAssoc();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result set as an object.
+     *
+     * @param class-string $className
+     *
+     * @return false|object
+     */
+    abstract protected function fetchObject(string $className = stdClass::class);
+}

dayrui/System/Database/BaseUtils.php

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+
+/**
+ * Class BaseUtils
+ */
+abstract class BaseUtils
+{
+    /**
+     * Database object
+     *
+     * @var object
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    /**
+     * List databases statement
+     *
+     * @var bool|string
+     */
+    protected $listDatabases = false;
+
+    /**
+     * OPTIMIZE TABLE statement
+     *
+     * @var bool|string
+     */
+    protected $optimizeTable = false;
+
+    /**
+     * REPAIR TABLE statement
+     *
+     * @var bool|string
+     */
+    protected $repairTable = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Class constructor
+     */
+    public function __construct(ConnectionInterface $db)
+    {
+        $this->db = $db;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * List databases
+     *
+     * @return array|bool
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function listDatabases()
+    {
+        // Is there a cached result?
+        if (isset($this->db->dataCache['db_names'])) {
+            return $this->db->dataCache['db_names'];
+        }
+
+        if ($this->listDatabases === false) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('Unsupported feature of the database platform you are using.');
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $this->db->dataCache['db_names'] = [];
+
+        $query = $this->db->query($this->listDatabases);
+        if ($query === false) {
+            return $this->db->dataCache['db_names'];
+        }
+
+        for ($i = 0, $query = $query->getResultArray(), $c = count($query); $i < $c; $i++) {
+            $this->db->dataCache['db_names'][] = current($query[$i]);
+        }
+
+        return $this->db->dataCache['db_names'];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine if a particular database exists
+     */
+    public function databaseExists(string $databaseName): bool
+    {
+        return in_array($databaseName, $this->listDatabases(), true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Optimize Table
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function optimizeTable(string $tableName)
+    {
+        if ($this->optimizeTable === false) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('Unsupported feature of the database platform you are using.');
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $query = $this->db->query(sprintf($this->optimizeTable, $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($tableName)));
+
+        return $query !== false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Optimize Database
+     *
+     * @return mixed
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function optimizeDatabase()
+    {
+        if ($this->optimizeTable === false) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('Unsupported feature of the database platform you are using.');
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $result = [];
+
+        foreach ($this->db->listTables() as $tableName) {
+            $res = $this->db->query(sprintf($this->optimizeTable, $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($tableName)));
+            if (is_bool($res)) {
+                return $res;
+            }
+
+            // Build the result array...
+
+            $res = $res->getResultArray();
+
+            // Postgre & SQLite3 returns empty array
+            if (empty($res)) {
+                $key = $tableName;
+            } else {
+                $res  = current($res);
+                $key  = str_replace($this->db->database . '.', '', current($res));
+                $keys = array_keys($res);
+                unset($res[$keys[0]]);
+            }
+
+            $result[$key] = $res;
+        }
+
+        return $result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Repair Table
+     *
+     * @return mixed
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function repairTable(string $tableName)
+    {
+        if ($this->repairTable === false) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('Unsupported feature of the database platform you are using.');
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $query = $this->db->query(sprintf($this->repairTable, $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($tableName)));
+        if (is_bool($query)) {
+            return $query;
+        }
+
+        $query = $query->getResultArray();
+
+        return current($query);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate CSV from a query result object
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getCSVFromResult(ResultInterface $query, string $delim = ',', string $newline = "\n", string $enclosure = '"')
+    {
+        $out = '';
+
+        foreach ($query->getFieldNames() as $name) {
+            $out .= $enclosure . str_replace($enclosure, $enclosure . $enclosure, $name) . $enclosure . $delim;
+        }
+
+        $out = substr($out, 0, -strlen($delim)) . $newline;
+
+        // Next blast through the result array and build out the rows
+        while ($row = $query->getUnbufferedRow('array')) {
+            $line = [];
+
+            foreach ($row as $item) {
+                $line[] = $enclosure . str_replace(
+                    $enclosure,
+                    $enclosure . $enclosure,
+                    (string) $item,
+                ) . $enclosure;
+            }
+
+            $out .= implode($delim, $line) . $newline;
+        }
+
+        return $out;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate XML data from a query result object
+     */
+    public function getXMLFromResult(ResultInterface $query, array $params = []): string
+    {
+        foreach (['root' => 'root', 'element' => 'element', 'newline' => "\n", 'tab' => "\t"] as $key => $val) {
+            if (! isset($params[$key])) {
+                $params[$key] = $val;
+            }
+        }
+
+        $root    = $params['root'];
+        $newline = $params['newline'];
+        $tab     = $params['tab'];
+        $element = $params['element'];
+
+        helper('xml');
+        $xml = '<' . $root . '>' . $newline;
+
+        while ($row = $query->getUnbufferedRow()) {
+            $xml .= $tab . '<' . $element . '>' . $newline;
+
+            foreach ($row as $key => $val) {
+                $val = (! empty($val)) ? xml_convert((string) $val) : '';
+
+                $xml .= $tab . $tab . '<' . $key . '>' . $val . '</' . $key . '>' . $newline;
+            }
+
+            $xml .= $tab . '</' . $element . '>' . $newline;
+        }
+
+        return $xml . '</' . $root . '>' . $newline;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Database Backup
+     *
+     * @param array|string $params
+     *
+     * @return false|never|string
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function backup($params = [])
+    {
+        if (is_string($params)) {
+            $params = ['tables' => $params];
+        }
+
+        $prefs = [
+            'tables'             => [],
+            'ignore'             => [],
+            'filename'           => '',
+            'format'             => 'gzip', // gzip, txt
+            'add_drop'           => true,
+            'add_insert'         => true,
+            'newline'            => "\n",
+            'foreign_key_checks' => true,
+        ];
+
+        if (! empty($params)) {
+            foreach (array_keys($prefs) as $key) {
+                if (isset($params[$key])) {
+                    $prefs[$key] = $params[$key];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (empty($prefs['tables'])) {
+            $prefs['tables'] = $this->db->listTables();
+        }
+
+        if (! in_array($prefs['format'], ['gzip', 'txt'], true)) {
+            $prefs['format'] = 'txt';
+        }
+
+        if ($prefs['format'] === 'gzip' && ! function_exists('gzencode')) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('The file compression format you chose is not supported by your server.');
+            }
+
+            $prefs['format'] = 'txt';
+        }
+
+        if ($prefs['format'] === 'txt') {
+            return $this->_backup($prefs);
+        }
+
+        // @TODO gzencode() requires `ext-zlib`, but _backup() is not implemented in all databases.
+        return gzencode($this->_backup($prefs));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Platform dependent version of the backup function.
+     *
+     * @return false|never|string
+     */
+    abstract public function _backup(?array $prefs = null);
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Config.php

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\InvalidArgumentException;
+use Config\Database as DbConfig;
+
+/**
+ * @see \CodeIgniter\Database\ConfigTest
+ */
+class Config extends BaseConfig
+{
+    /**
+     * Cache for instance of any connections that
+     * have been requested as a "shared" instance.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected static $instances = [];
+
+    /**
+     * The main instance used to manage all of
+     * our open database connections.
+     *
+     * @var Database|null
+     */
+    protected static $factory;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the database connection
+     *
+     * @param array|BaseConnection|non-empty-string|null $group     The name of the connection group to use,
+     *                                                              or an array of configuration settings.
+     * @param bool                                       $getShared Whether to return a shared instance of the connection.
+     *
+     * @return BaseConnection
+     */
+    public static function connect($group = null, bool $getShared = true)
+    {
+        // If a DB connection is passed in, just pass it back
+        if ($group instanceof BaseConnection) {
+            return $group;
+        }
+
+        if (is_array($group)) {
+            $config = $group;
+            $group  = 'custom-' . md5(json_encode($config));
+        } else {
+            $dbConfig = config(DbConfig::class);
+
+            if ($group === null) {
+                $group = (ENVIRONMENT === 'testing') ? 'tests' : $dbConfig->defaultGroup;
+            }
+
+            assert(is_string($group));
+
+            if (! isset($dbConfig->{$group})) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException('"' . $group . '" is not a valid database connection group.');
+            }
+
+            $config = $dbConfig->{$group};
+        }
+
+        if ($getShared && isset(static::$instances[$group])) {
+            return static::$instances[$group];
+        }
+
+        static::ensureFactory();
+
+        $connection = static::$factory->load($config, $group);
+
+        static::$instances[$group] = $connection;
+
+        return $connection;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array of all db connections currently made.
+     */
+    public static function getConnections(): array
+    {
+        return static::$instances;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads and returns an instance of the Forge for the specified
+     * database group, and loads the group if it hasn't been loaded yet.
+     *
+     * @param array|ConnectionInterface|string|null $group
+     *
+     * @return Forge
+     */
+    public static function forge($group = null)
+    {
+        $db = static::connect($group);
+
+        return static::$factory->loadForge($db);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new instance of the Database Utilities class.
+     *
+     * @param array|string|null $group
+     *
+     * @return BaseUtils
+     */
+    public static function utils($group = null)
+    {
+        $db = static::connect($group);
+
+        return static::$factory->loadUtils($db);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new instance of the Database Seeder.
+     *
+     * @param non-empty-string|null $group
+     *
+     * @return Seeder
+     */
+    public static function seeder(?string $group = null)
+    {
+        $config = config(DbConfig::class);
+
+        return new Seeder($config, static::connect($group));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Ensures the database Connection Manager/Factory is loaded and ready to use.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected static function ensureFactory()
+    {
+        if (static::$factory instanceof Database) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        static::$factory = new Database();
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/ConnectionInterface.php

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+/**
+ * @template TConnection
+ * @template TResult
+ *
+ * @property      false|object|resource $connID
+ * @property-read string                $DBDriver
+ */
+interface ConnectionInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Initializes the database connection/settings.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function initialize();
+
+    /**
+     * Connect to the database.
+     *
+     * @return false|TConnection
+     */
+    public function connect(bool $persistent = false);
+
+    /**
+     * Create a persistent database connection.
+     *
+     * @return false|TConnection
+     */
+    public function persistentConnect();
+
+    /**
+     * Keep or establish the connection if no queries have been sent for
+     * a length of time exceeding the server's idle timeout.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function reconnect();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the actual connection object. If both a 'read' and 'write'
+     * connection has been specified, you can pass either term in to
+     * get that connection. If you pass either alias in and only a single
+     * connection is present, it must return the sole connection.
+     *
+     * @return false|TConnection
+     */
+    public function getConnection(?string $alias = null);
+
+    /**
+     * Select a specific database table to use.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function setDatabase(string $databaseName);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the name of the current database being used.
+     */
+    public function getDatabase(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the last error encountered by this connection.
+     * Must return this format: ['code' => string|int, 'message' => string]
+     * intval(code) === 0 means "no error".
+     *
+     * @return array<string, int|string>
+     */
+    public function error(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the platform in use (MySQLi, mssql, etc)
+     */
+    public function getPlatform(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string containing the version of the database being used.
+     */
+    public function getVersion(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Orchestrates a query against the database. Queries must use
+     * Database\Statement objects to store the query and build it.
+     * This method works with the cache.
+     *
+     * Should automatically handle different connections for read/write
+     * queries if needed.
+     *
+     * @param array|string|null $binds
+     *
+     * @return BaseResult<TConnection, TResult>|bool|Query
+     */
+    public function query(string $sql, $binds = null);
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a basic query against the database. No binding or caching
+     * is performed, nor are transactions handled. Simply takes a raw
+     * query string and returns the database-specific result id.
+     *
+     * @return false|TResult
+     */
+    public function simpleQuery(string $sql);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an instance of the query builder for this connection.
+     *
+     * @param array|string $tableName Table name.
+     *
+     * @return BaseBuilder Builder.
+     */
+    public function table($tableName);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the last query's statement object.
+     *
+     * @return Query
+     */
+    public function getLastQuery();
+
+    /**
+     * "Smart" Escaping
+     *
+     * Escapes data based on type.
+     * Sets boolean and null types.
+     *
+     * @param array|bool|float|int|object|string|null $str
+     *
+     * @return ($str is array ? array : float|int|string)
+     */
+    public function escape($str);
+
+    /**
+     * Allows for custom calls to the database engine that are not
+     * supported through our database layer.
+     *
+     * @param array ...$params
+     *
+     * @return array|bool|float|int|object|resource|string|null
+     */
+    public function callFunction(string $functionName, ...$params);
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the statement is a write-type query or not.
+     *
+     * @param string $sql
+     */
+    public function isWriteType($sql): bool;
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Database.php

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\ConfigException;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\CriticalError;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\InvalidArgumentException;
+
+/**
+ * Database Connection Factory
+ *
+ * Creates and returns an instance of the appropriate Database Connection.
+ */
+class Database
+{
+    /**
+     * Maintains an array of the instances of all connections that have
+     * been created.
+     *
+     * Helps to keep track of all open connections for performance
+     * monitoring, logging, etc.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $connections = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Parses the connection binds and creates a Database Connection instance.
+     *
+     * @return BaseConnection
+     *
+     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
+     */
+    public function load(array $params = [], string $alias = '')
+    {
+        if ($alias === '') {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('You must supply the parameter: alias.');
+        }
+
+        if (! empty($params['DSN']) && str_contains($params['DSN'], '://')) {
+            $params = $this->parseDSN($params);
+        }
+
+        if (empty($params['DBDriver'])) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('You have not selected a database type to connect to.');
+        }
+
+        assert($this->checkDbExtension($params['DBDriver']));
+
+        $this->connections[$alias] = $this->initDriver($params['DBDriver'], 'Connection', $params);
+
+        return $this->connections[$alias];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a Forge instance for the current database type.
+     */
+    public function loadForge(ConnectionInterface $db): Forge
+    {
+        if (! $db->connID) {
+            $db->initialize();
+        }
+
+        return $this->initDriver($db->DBDriver, 'Forge', $db);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of Utils for the current database type.
+     */
+    public function loadUtils(ConnectionInterface $db): BaseUtils
+    {
+        if (! $db->connID) {
+            $db->initialize();
+        }
+
+        return $this->initDriver($db->DBDriver, 'Utils', $db);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses universal DSN string
+     *
+     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
+     */
+    protected function parseDSN(array $params): array
+    {
+        $dsn = parse_url($params['DSN']);
+
+        if ($dsn === 0 || $dsn === '' || $dsn === '0' || $dsn === [] || $dsn === false || $dsn === null) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Your DSN connection string is invalid.');
+        }
+
+        $dsnParams = [
+            'DSN'      => '',
+            'DBDriver' => $dsn['scheme'],
+            'hostname' => isset($dsn['host']) ? rawurldecode($dsn['host']) : '',
+            'port'     => isset($dsn['port']) ? rawurldecode((string) $dsn['port']) : '',
+            'username' => isset($dsn['user']) ? rawurldecode($dsn['user']) : '',
+            'password' => isset($dsn['pass']) ? rawurldecode($dsn['pass']) : '',
+            'database' => isset($dsn['path']) ? rawurldecode(substr($dsn['path'], 1)) : '',
+        ];
+
+        if (isset($dsn['query']) && ($dsn['query'] !== '')) {
+            parse_str($dsn['query'], $extra);
+
+            foreach ($extra as $key => $val) {
+                if (is_string($val) && in_array(strtolower($val), ['true', 'false', 'null'], true)) {
+                    $val = $val === 'null' ? null : filter_var($val, FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN);
+                }
+
+                $dsnParams[$key] = $val;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return array_merge($params, $dsnParams);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a database object.
+     *
+     * @param string                    $driver   Driver name. FQCN can be used.
+     * @param string                    $class    'Connection'|'Forge'|'Utils'
+     * @param array|ConnectionInterface $argument The constructor parameter or DB connection
+     *
+     * @return BaseConnection|BaseUtils|Forge
+     */
+    protected function initDriver(string $driver, string $class, $argument): object
+    {
+        $classname = (! str_contains($driver, '\\'))
+            ? "CodeIgniter\\Database\\{$driver}\\{$class}"
+            : $driver . '\\' . $class;
+
+        return new $classname($argument);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check the PHP database extension is loaded.
+     *
+     * @param string $driver DB driver or FQCN for custom driver
+     */
+    private function checkDbExtension(string $driver): bool
+    {
+        if (str_contains($driver, '\\')) {
+            // Cannot check a fully qualified classname for a custom driver.
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        $extensionMap = [
+            // DBDriver => PHP extension
+            'MySQLi'  => 'mysqli',
+            'SQLite3' => 'sqlite3',
+            'Postgre' => 'pgsql',
+            'SQLSRV'  => 'sqlsrv',
+            'OCI8'    => 'oci8',
+        ];
+
+        $extension = $extensionMap[$driver] ?? '';
+
+        if ($extension === '') {
+            $message = 'Invalid DBDriver name: "' . $driver . '"';
+
+            throw new ConfigException($message);
+        }
+
+        if (extension_loaded($extension)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        $message = 'The required PHP extension "' . $extension . '" is not loaded.'
+            . ' Install and enable it to use "' . $driver . '" driver.';
+
+        throw new CriticalError($message);
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Exceptions/DataException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\DebugTraceableTrait;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
+
+class DataException extends RuntimeException implements ExceptionInterface
+{
+    use DebugTraceableTrait;
+
+    /**
+     * Used by the Model's trigger() method when the callback cannot be found.
+     *
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forInvalidMethodTriggered(string $method)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.invalidEvent', [$method]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used by Model's insert/update methods when there isn't
+     * any data to actually work with.
+     *
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forEmptyDataset(string $mode)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.emptyDataset', [$mode]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used by Model's insert/update methods when there is no
+     * primary key defined and Model has option `useAutoIncrement`
+     * set to false.
+     *
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forEmptyPrimaryKey(string $mode)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.emptyPrimaryKey', [$mode]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Thrown when an argument for one of the Model's methods
+     * were empty or otherwise invalid, and they could not be
+     * to work correctly for that method.
+     *
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forInvalidArgument(string $argument)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.invalidArgument', [$argument]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forInvalidAllowedFields(string $model)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.invalidAllowedFields', [$model]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forTableNotFound(string $table)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.tableNotFound', [$table]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forEmptyInputGiven(string $argument)
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.forEmptyInputGiven', [$argument]));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return DataException
+     */
+    public static function forFindColumnHaveMultipleColumns()
+    {
+        return new static(lang('Database.forFindColumnHaveMultipleColumns'));
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Exceptions/DatabaseException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\HasExitCodeInterface;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
+
+class DatabaseException extends RuntimeException implements ExceptionInterface, HasExitCodeInterface
+{
+    public function getExitCode(): int
+    {
+        return EXIT_DATABASE;
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Exceptions/ExceptionInterface.php

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions;
+
+/**
+ * Provides a domain-level interface for broad capture
+ * of all database-related exceptions.
+ *
+ * catch (\CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\ExceptionInterface) { ... }
+ */
+interface ExceptionInterface extends \CodeIgniter\Exceptions\ExceptionInterface
+{
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Migration.php

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use Config\Database;
+
+/**
+ * Class Migration
+ */
+abstract class Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * The name of the database group to use.
+     *
+     * @var string|null
+     */
+    protected $DBGroup;
+
+    /**
+     * Database Connection instance
+     *
+     * @var ConnectionInterface
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    /**
+     * Database Forge instance.
+     *
+     * @var Forge
+     */
+    protected $forge;
+
+    public function __construct(?Forge $forge = null)
+    {
+        if (isset($this->DBGroup)) {
+            $this->forge = Database::forge($this->DBGroup);
+        } elseif ($forge instanceof Forge) {
+            $this->forge = $forge;
+        } else {
+            $this->forge = Database::forge(config(Database::class)->defaultGroup);
+        }
+
+        $this->db = $this->forge->getConnection();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the database group name this migration uses.
+     */
+    public function getDBGroup(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->DBGroup;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Perform a migration step.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract public function up();
+
+    /**
+     * Revert a migration step.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract public function down();
+}

dayrui/System/Database/MigrationRunner.php

@@ -0,0 +1,881 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\CLI\CLI;
+use CodeIgniter\Events\Events;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\ConfigException;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
+use CodeIgniter\I18n\Time;
+use Config\Database;
+use Config\Migrations as MigrationsConfig;
+use stdClass;
+
+/**
+ * Class MigrationRunner
+ */
+class MigrationRunner
+{
+    /**
+     * Whether or not migrations are allowed to run.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $enabled = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Name of table to store meta information
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $table;
+
+    /**
+     * The Namespace where migrations can be found.
+     * `null` is all namespaces.
+     *
+     * @var string|null
+     */
+    protected $namespace;
+
+    /**
+     * The database Group to migrate.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $group;
+
+    /**
+     * The migration name.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $name;
+
+    /**
+     * The pattern used to locate migration file versions.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $regex = '/\A(\d{4}[_-]?\d{2}[_-]?\d{2}[_-]?\d{6})_(\w+)\z/';
+
+    /**
+     * The main database connection. Used to store
+     * migration information in.
+     *
+     * @var BaseConnection
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    /**
+     * If true, will continue instead of throwing
+     * exceptions.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $silent = false;
+
+    /**
+     * used to return messages for CLI.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $cliMessages = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Tracks whether we have already ensured
+     * the table exists or not.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $tableChecked = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The full path to locate migration files.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $path;
+
+    /**
+     * The database Group filter.
+     *
+     * @var string|null
+     */
+    protected $groupFilter;
+
+    /**
+     * Used to skip current migration.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $groupSkip = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The migration can manage multiple databases. So it should always use the
+     * default DB group so that it creates the `migrations` table in the default
+     * DB group. Therefore, passing $db is for testing purposes only.
+     *
+     * @param array|ConnectionInterface|string|null $db DB group. For testing purposes only.
+     *
+     * @throws ConfigException
+     */
+    public function __construct(MigrationsConfig $config, $db = null)
+    {
+        $this->enabled = $config->enabled ?? false;
+        $this->table   = $config->table ?? 'migrations';
+
+        $this->namespace = APP_NAMESPACE;
+
+        // Even if a DB connection is passed, since it is a test,
+        // it is assumed to use the default group name
+        $this->group = is_string($db) ? $db : config(Database::class)->defaultGroup;
+
+        $this->db = db_connect($db);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Locate and run all new migrations
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     *
+     * @throws ConfigException
+     * @throws RuntimeException
+     */
+    public function latest(?string $group = null)
+    {
+        if (! $this->enabled) {
+            throw ConfigException::forDisabledMigrations();
+        }
+
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        if ($group !== null) {
+            $this->groupFilter = $group;
+            $this->setGroup($group);
+        }
+
+        $migrations = $this->findMigrations();
+
+        if ($migrations === []) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($this->getHistory((string) $group) as $history) {
+            unset($migrations[$this->getObjectUid($history)]);
+        }
+
+        $batch = $this->getLastBatch() + 1;
+
+        foreach ($migrations as $migration) {
+            if ($this->migrate('up', $migration)) {
+                if ($this->groupSkip === true) {
+                    $this->groupSkip = false;
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                $this->addHistory($migration, $batch);
+            } else {
+                $this->regress(-1);
+
+                $message = lang('Migrations.generalFault');
+
+                if ($this->silent) {
+                    $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                throw new RuntimeException($message);
+            }
+        }
+
+        $data           = get_object_vars($this);
+        $data['method'] = 'latest';
+        Events::trigger('migrate', $data);
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Migrate down to a previous batch
+     *
+     * Calls each migration step required to get to the provided batch
+     *
+     * @param int         $targetBatch Target batch number, or negative for a relative batch, 0 for all
+     * @param string|null $group       Deprecated. The designation has no effect.
+     *
+     * @return bool True on success, FALSE on failure or no migrations are found
+     *
+     * @throws ConfigException
+     * @throws RuntimeException
+     */
+    public function regress(int $targetBatch = 0, ?string $group = null)
+    {
+        if (! $this->enabled) {
+            throw ConfigException::forDisabledMigrations();
+        }
+
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        $batches = $this->getBatches();
+
+        if ($targetBatch < 0) {
+            $targetBatch = $batches[count($batches) - 1 + $targetBatch] ?? 0;
+        }
+
+        if ($batches === [] && $targetBatch === 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if ($targetBatch !== 0 && ! in_array($targetBatch, $batches, true)) {
+            $message = lang('Migrations.batchNotFound') . $targetBatch;
+
+            if ($this->silent) {
+                $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            throw new RuntimeException($message);
+        }
+
+        $tmpNamespace = $this->namespace;
+
+        $this->namespace = null;
+        $allMigrations   = $this->findMigrations();
+
+        $migrations = [];
+
+        while ($batch = array_pop($batches)) {
+            if ($batch <= $targetBatch) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            foreach ($this->getBatchHistory($batch, 'desc') as $history) {
+                $uid = $this->getObjectUid($history);
+
+                if (! isset($allMigrations[$uid])) {
+                    $message = lang('Migrations.gap') . ' ' . $history->version;
+
+                    if ($this->silent) {
+                        $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                        return false;
+                    }
+
+                    throw new RuntimeException($message);
+                }
+
+                $migration          = $allMigrations[$uid];
+                $migration->history = $history;
+                $migrations[]       = $migration;
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($migrations as $migration) {
+            if ($this->migrate('down', $migration)) {
+                $this->removeHistory($migration->history);
+            } else {
+                $message = lang('Migrations.generalFault');
+
+                if ($this->silent) {
+                    $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                throw new RuntimeException($message);
+            }
+        }
+
+        $data           = get_object_vars($this);
+        $data['method'] = 'regress';
+        Events::trigger('migrate', $data);
+
+        $this->namespace = $tmpNamespace;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Migrate a single file regardless of order or batches.
+     * Method "up" or "down" determined by presence in history.
+     * NOTE: This is not recommended and provided mostly for testing.
+     *
+     * @param string $path Full path to a valid migration file
+     * @param string $path Namespace of the target migration
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function force(string $path, string $namespace, ?string $group = null)
+    {
+        if (! $this->enabled) {
+            throw ConfigException::forDisabledMigrations();
+        }
+
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        if ($group !== null) {
+            $this->groupFilter = $group;
+            $this->setGroup($group);
+        }
+
+        $migration = $this->migrationFromFile($path, $namespace);
+        if (empty($migration)) {
+            $message = lang('Migrations.notFound');
+
+            if ($this->silent) {
+                $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            throw new RuntimeException($message);
+        }
+
+        $method = 'up';
+        $this->setNamespace($migration->namespace);
+
+        foreach ($this->getHistory($this->group) as $history) {
+            if ($this->getObjectUid($history) === $migration->uid) {
+                $method             = 'down';
+                $migration->history = $history;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($method === 'up') {
+            $batch = $this->getLastBatch() + 1;
+
+            if ($this->migrate('up', $migration) && $this->groupSkip === false) {
+                $this->addHistory($migration, $batch);
+
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            $this->groupSkip = false;
+        } elseif ($this->migrate('down', $migration)) {
+            $this->removeHistory($migration->history);
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        $message = lang('Migrations.generalFault');
+
+        if ($this->silent) {
+            $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        throw new RuntimeException($message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves list of available migration scripts
+     *
+     * @return array List of all located migrations by their UID
+     */
+    public function findMigrations(): array
+    {
+        $namespaces = $this->namespace !== null ? [$this->namespace] : array_keys(service('autoloader')->getNamespace());
+        $migrations = [];
+
+        foreach ($namespaces as $namespace) {
+            if (ENVIRONMENT !== 'testing' && $namespace === 'Tests\Support') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            foreach ($this->findNamespaceMigrations($namespace) as $migration) {
+                $migrations[$migration->uid] = $migration;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Sort migrations ascending by their UID (version)
+        ksort($migrations);
+
+        return $migrations;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves a list of available migration scripts for one namespace
+     */
+    public function findNamespaceMigrations(string $namespace): array
+    {
+        $migrations = [];
+        $locator    = service('locator', true);
+
+        if (! empty($this->path)) {
+            helper('filesystem');
+            $dir   = rtrim($this->path, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . '/';
+            $files = get_filenames($dir, true, false, false);
+        } else {
+            $files = $locator->listNamespaceFiles($namespace, '/Database/Migrations/');
+        }
+
+        foreach ($files as $file) {
+            $file = empty($this->path) ? $file : $this->path . str_replace($this->path, '', $file);
+
+            if ($migration = $this->migrationFromFile($file, $namespace)) {
+                $migrations[] = $migration;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $migrations;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a migration object from a file path.
+     *
+     * @param string $path Full path to a valid migration file.
+     *
+     * @return false|object Returns the migration object, or false on failure
+     */
+    protected function migrationFromFile(string $path, string $namespace)
+    {
+        if (! str_ends_with($path, '.php')) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $filename = basename($path, '.php');
+
+        if (preg_match($this->regex, $filename) !== 1) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $locator = service('locator', true);
+
+        $migration = new stdClass();
+
+        $migration->version   = $this->getMigrationNumber($filename);
+        $migration->name      = $this->getMigrationName($filename);
+        $migration->path      = $path;
+        $migration->class     = $locator->getClassname($path);
+        $migration->namespace = $namespace;
+        $migration->uid       = $this->getObjectUid($migration);
+
+        return $migration;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allows other scripts to modify on the fly as needed.
+     *
+     * @return MigrationRunner
+     */
+    public function setNamespace(?string $namespace)
+    {
+        $this->namespace = $namespace;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allows other scripts to modify on the fly as needed.
+     *
+     * @return MigrationRunner
+     */
+    public function setGroup(string $group)
+    {
+        $this->group = $group;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return MigrationRunner
+     */
+    public function setName(string $name)
+    {
+        $this->name = $name;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If $silent == true, then will not throw exceptions and will
+     * attempt to continue gracefully.
+     *
+     * @return MigrationRunner
+     */
+    public function setSilent(bool $silent)
+    {
+        $this->silent = $silent;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts the migration number from a filename
+     *
+     * @param string $migration A migration filename w/o path.
+     */
+    protected function getMigrationNumber(string $migration): string
+    {
+        preg_match($this->regex, $migration, $matches);
+
+        return $matches !== [] ? $matches[1] : '0';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts the migration name from a filename
+     *
+     * Note: The migration name should be the classname, but maybe they are
+     *       different.
+     *
+     * @param string $migration A migration filename w/o path.
+     */
+    protected function getMigrationName(string $migration): string
+    {
+        preg_match($this->regex, $migration, $matches);
+
+        return $matches !== [] ? $matches[2] : '';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Uses the non-repeatable portions of a migration or history
+     * to create a sortable unique key
+     *
+     * @param object $object migration or $history
+     */
+    public function getObjectUid($object): string
+    {
+        return preg_replace('/[^0-9]/', '', $object->version) . $object->class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves messages formatted for CLI output
+     */
+    public function getCliMessages(): array
+    {
+        return $this->cliMessages;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clears any CLI messages.
+     *
+     * @return MigrationRunner
+     */
+    public function clearCliMessages()
+    {
+        $this->cliMessages = [];
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Truncates the history table.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function clearHistory()
+    {
+        if ($this->db->tableExists($this->table)) {
+            $this->db->table($this->table)->truncate();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a history to the table.
+     *
+     * @param object $migration
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function addHistory($migration, int $batch)
+    {
+        $this->db->table($this->table)->insert([
+            'version'   => $migration->version,
+            'class'     => $migration->class,
+            'group'     => $this->group,
+            'namespace' => $migration->namespace,
+            'time'      => Time::now()->getTimestamp(),
+            'batch'     => $batch,
+        ]);
+
+        if (is_cli()) {
+            $this->cliMessages[] = sprintf(
+                "\t%s(%s) %s_%s",
+                CLI::color(lang('Migrations.added'), 'yellow'),
+                $migration->namespace,
+                $migration->version,
+                $migration->class,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes a single history
+     *
+     * @param object $history
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function removeHistory($history)
+    {
+        $this->db->table($this->table)->where('id', $history->id)->delete();
+
+        if (is_cli()) {
+            $this->cliMessages[] = sprintf(
+                "\t%s(%s) %s_%s",
+                CLI::color(lang('Migrations.removed'), 'yellow'),
+                $history->namespace,
+                $history->version,
+                $history->class,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Grabs the full migration history from the database for a group
+     */
+    public function getHistory(string $group = 'default'): array
+    {
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        $builder = $this->db->table($this->table);
+
+        // If group was specified then use it
+        if ($group !== '') {
+            $builder->where('group', $group);
+        }
+
+        // If a namespace was specified then use it
+        if ($this->namespace !== null) {
+            $builder->where('namespace', $this->namespace);
+        }
+
+        $query = $builder->orderBy('id', 'ASC')->get();
+
+        return ! empty($query) ? $query->getResultObject() : [];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the migration history for a single batch.
+     *
+     * @param string $order
+     */
+    public function getBatchHistory(int $batch, $order = 'asc'): array
+    {
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        $query = $this->db->table($this->table)
+            ->where('batch', $batch)
+            ->orderBy('id', $order)
+            ->get();
+
+        return ! empty($query) ? $query->getResultObject() : [];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns all the batches from the database history in order
+     */
+    public function getBatches(): array
+    {
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        $batches = $this->db->table($this->table)
+            ->select('batch')
+            ->distinct()
+            ->orderBy('batch', 'asc')
+            ->get()
+            ->getResultArray();
+            
+        return array_map('intval', array_column($batches, 'batch'));
+        //return array_map(intval(...), array_column($batches, 'batch'));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value of the last batch in the database.
+     */
+    public function getLastBatch(): int
+    {
+        $this->ensureTable();
+
+        $batch = $this->db->table($this->table)
+            ->selectMax('batch')
+            ->get()
+            ->getResultObject();
+
+        $batch = is_array($batch) && $batch !== []
+            ? end($batch)->batch
+            : 0;
+
+        return (int) $batch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the version number of the first migration for a batch.
+     * Mostly just for tests.
+     */
+    public function getBatchStart(int $batch): string
+    {
+        if ($batch < 0) {
+            $batches = $this->getBatches();
+            $batch   = $batches[count($batches) - 1] ?? 0;
+        }
+
+        $migration = $this->db->table($this->table)
+            ->where('batch', $batch)
+            ->orderBy('id', 'asc')
+            ->limit(1)
+            ->get()
+            ->getResultObject();
+
+        return $migration !== [] ? $migration[0]->version : '0';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the version number of the last migration for a batch.
+     * Mostly just for tests.
+     */
+    public function getBatchEnd(int $batch): string
+    {
+        if ($batch < 0) {
+            $batches = $this->getBatches();
+            $batch   = $batches[count($batches) - 1] ?? 0;
+        }
+
+        $migration = $this->db->table($this->table)
+            ->where('batch', $batch)
+            ->orderBy('id', 'desc')
+            ->limit(1)
+            ->get()
+            ->getResultObject();
+
+        return $migration === [] ? '0' : $migration[0]->version;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Ensures that we have created our migrations table
+     * in the database.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function ensureTable()
+    {
+        if ($this->tableChecked || $this->db->tableExists($this->table)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $forge = Database::forge($this->db);
+
+        $forge->addField([
+            'id' => [
+                'type'           => 'BIGINT',
+                'constraint'     => 20,
+                'unsigned'       => true,
+                'auto_increment' => true,
+            ],
+            'version' => [
+                'type'       => 'VARCHAR',
+                'constraint' => 255,
+                'null'       => false,
+            ],
+            'class' => [
+                'type'       => 'VARCHAR',
+                'constraint' => 255,
+                'null'       => false,
+            ],
+            'group' => [
+                'type'       => 'VARCHAR',
+                'constraint' => 255,
+                'null'       => false,
+            ],
+            'namespace' => [
+                'type'       => 'VARCHAR',
+                'constraint' => 255,
+                'null'       => false,
+            ],
+            'time' => [
+                'type'       => 'INT',
+                'constraint' => 11,
+                'null'       => false,
+            ],
+            'batch' => [
+                'type'       => 'INT',
+                'constraint' => 11,
+                'unsigned'   => true,
+                'null'       => false,
+            ],
+        ]);
+
+        $forge->addPrimaryKey('id');
+        $forge->createTable($this->table, true);
+
+        $this->tableChecked = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handles the actual running of a migration.
+     *
+     * @param string $direction "up" or "down"
+     * @param object $migration The migration to run
+     */
+    protected function migrate($direction, $migration): bool
+    {
+        include_once $migration->path;
+
+        $class = $migration->class;
+        $this->setName($migration->name);
+
+        // Validate the migration file structure
+        if (! class_exists($class, false)) {
+            $message = sprintf(lang('Migrations.classNotFound'), $class);
+
+            if ($this->silent) {
+                $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            throw new RuntimeException($message);
+        }
+
+        /** @var Migration $instance */
+        $instance = new $class(Database::forge($this->db));
+        $group    = $instance->getDBGroup() ?? $this->group;
+
+        if (ENVIRONMENT !== 'testing' && $group === 'tests' && $this->groupFilter !== 'tests') {
+            // @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
+            $this->groupSkip = true;
+
+            return true;
+            // @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
+        }
+
+        if ($direction === 'up' && $this->groupFilter !== null && $this->groupFilter !== $group) {
+            $this->groupSkip = true;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (! is_callable([$instance, $direction])) {
+            $message = sprintf(lang('Migrations.missingMethod'), $direction);
+
+            if ($this->silent) {
+                $this->cliMessages[] = "\t" . CLI::color($message, 'red');
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            throw new RuntimeException($message);
+        }
+
+        $instance->{$direction}();
+
+        return true;
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/MySQLi/Builder.php

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\MySQLi;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseBuilder;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\RawSql;
+
+/**
+ * Builder for MySQLi
+ */
+class Builder extends BaseBuilder
+{
+    /**
+     * Identifier escape character
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $escapeChar = '`';
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies which sql statements
+     * support the ignore option.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, string>
+     */
+    protected $supportedIgnoreStatements = [
+        'update' => 'IGNORE',
+        'insert' => 'IGNORE',
+        'delete' => 'IGNORE',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * FROM tables
+     *
+     * Groups tables in FROM clauses if needed, so there is no confusion
+     * about operator precedence.
+     *
+     * Note: This is only used (and overridden) by MySQL.
+     */
+    protected function _fromTables(): string
+    {
+        if ($this->QBJoin !== [] && count($this->QBFrom) > 1) {
+            return '(' . implode(', ', $this->QBFrom) . ')';
+        }
+
+        return implode(', ', $this->QBFrom);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a platform-specific batch update string from the supplied data
+     */
+    protected function _updateBatch(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
+    {
+        $sql = $this->QBOptions['sql'] ?? '';
+
+        // if this is the first iteration of batch then we need to build skeleton sql
+        if ($sql === '') {
+            $constraints = $this->QBOptions['constraints'] ?? [];
+
+            if ($constraints === []) {
+                if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                    throw new DatabaseException('You must specify a constraint to match on for batch updates.'); // @codeCoverageIgnore
+                }
+
+                return ''; // @codeCoverageIgnore
+            }
+
+            $updateFields = $this->QBOptions['updateFields'] ??
+                $this->updateFields($keys, false, $constraints)->QBOptions['updateFields'] ??
+                [];
+
+            $alias = $this->QBOptions['alias'] ?? '`_u`';
+
+            $sql = 'UPDATE ' . $this->compileIgnore('update') . $table . "\n";
+
+            $sql .= "INNER JOIN (\n{:_table_:}";
+
+            $sql .= ') ' . $alias . "\n";
+
+            $sql .= 'ON ' . implode(
+                ' AND ',
+                array_map(
+                    static fn ($key, $value) => (
+                        ($value instanceof RawSql && is_string($key))
+                        ?
+                        $table . '.' . $key . ' = ' . $value
+                        :
+                        (
+                            $value instanceof RawSql
+                            ?
+                            $value
+                            :
+                            $table . '.' . $value . ' = ' . $alias . '.' . $value
+                        )
+                    ),
+                    array_keys($constraints),
+                    $constraints,
+                ),
+            ) . "\n";
+
+            $sql .= "SET\n";
+
+            $sql .= implode(
+                ",\n",
+                array_map(
+                    static fn ($key, $value): string => $table . '.' . $key . ($value instanceof RawSql ?
+                        ' = ' . $value :
+                        ' = ' . $alias . '.' . $value),
+                    array_keys($updateFields),
+                    $updateFields,
+                ),
+            );
+
+            $this->QBOptions['sql'] = $sql;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'])) {
+            $data = $this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'];
+        } else {
+            $data = implode(
+                " UNION ALL\n",
+                array_map(
+                    static fn ($value): string => 'SELECT ' . implode(', ', array_map(
+                        static fn ($key, $index): string => $index . ' ' . $key,
+                        $keys,
+                        $value,
+                    )),
+                    $values,
+                ),
+            ) . "\n";
+        }
+
+        return str_replace('{:_table_:}', $data, $sql);
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/MySQLi/Forge.php

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\MySQLi;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Forge as BaseForge;
+
+/**
+ * Forge for MySQLi
+ */
+class Forge extends BaseForge
+{
+    /**
+     * CREATE DATABASE statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $createDatabaseStr = 'CREATE DATABASE %s CHARACTER SET %s COLLATE %s';
+
+    /**
+     * CREATE DATABASE IF statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $createDatabaseIfStr = 'CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS %s CHARACTER SET %s COLLATE %s';
+
+    /**
+     * DROP CONSTRAINT statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $dropConstraintStr = 'ALTER TABLE %s DROP FOREIGN KEY %s';
+
+    /**
+     * CREATE TABLE keys flag
+     *
+     * Whether table keys are created from within the
+     * CREATE TABLE statement.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $createTableKeys = true;
+
+    /**
+     * UNSIGNED support
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $_unsigned = [
+        'TINYINT',
+        'SMALLINT',
+        'MEDIUMINT',
+        'INT',
+        'INTEGER',
+        'BIGINT',
+        'REAL',
+        'DOUBLE',
+        'DOUBLE PRECISION',
+        'FLOAT',
+        'DECIMAL',
+        'NUMERIC',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Table Options list which required to be quoted
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $_quoted_table_options = [
+        'COMMENT',
+        'COMPRESSION',
+        'CONNECTION',
+        'DATA DIRECTORY',
+        'INDEX DIRECTORY',
+        'ENCRYPTION',
+        'PASSWORD',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * NULL value representation in CREATE/ALTER TABLE statements
+     *
+     * @var string
+     *
+     * @internal
+     */
+    protected $null = 'NULL';
+
+    /**
+     * CREATE TABLE attributes
+     *
+     * @param array $attributes Associative array of table attributes
+     */
+    protected function _createTableAttributes(array $attributes): string
+    {
+        $sql = '';
+
+        foreach (array_keys($attributes) as $key) {
+            if (is_string($key)) {
+                $sql .= ' ' . strtoupper($key) . ' = ';
+
+                if (in_array(strtoupper($key), $this->_quoted_table_options, true)) {
+                    $sql .= $this->db->escape($attributes[$key]);
+                } else {
+                    $sql .= $this->db->escapeString($attributes[$key]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($this->db->charset !== '' && ! str_contains($sql, 'CHARACTER SET') && ! str_contains($sql, 'CHARSET')) {
+            $sql .= ' DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = ' . $this->db->escapeString($this->db->charset);
+        }
+
+        if ($this->db->DBCollat !== '' && ! str_contains($sql, 'COLLATE')) {
+            $sql .= ' COLLATE = ' . $this->db->escapeString($this->db->DBCollat);
+        }
+
+        return $sql;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * ALTER TABLE
+     *
+     * @param string       $alterType       ALTER type
+     * @param string       $table           Table name
+     * @param array|string $processedFields Processed column definitions
+     *                                      or column names to DROP
+     *
+     * @return ($alterType is 'DROP' ? string : list<string>)
+     */
+    protected function _alterTable(string $alterType, string $table, $processedFields)
+    {
+        if ($alterType === 'DROP') {
+            return parent::_alterTable($alterType, $table, $processedFields);
+        }
+
+        $sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($table);
+
+        foreach ($processedFields as $i => $field) {
+            if ($field['_literal'] !== false) {
+                $processedFields[$i] = ($alterType === 'ADD') ? "\n\tADD " . $field['_literal'] : "\n\tMODIFY " . $field['_literal'];
+            } else {
+                if ($alterType === 'ADD') {
+                    $processedFields[$i]['_literal'] = "\n\tADD ";
+                } else {
+                    $processedFields[$i]['_literal'] = empty($field['new_name']) ? "\n\tMODIFY " : "\n\tCHANGE ";
+                }
+
+                $processedFields[$i] = $processedFields[$i]['_literal'] . $this->_processColumn($processedFields[$i]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return [$sql . implode(',', $processedFields)];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process column
+     */
+    protected function _processColumn(array $processedField): string
+    {
+        $extraClause = isset($processedField['after']) ? ' AFTER ' . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($processedField['after']) : '';
+
+        if (empty($extraClause) && isset($processedField['first']) && $processedField['first'] === true) {
+            $extraClause = ' FIRST';
+        }
+
+        return $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($processedField['name'])
+                . (empty($processedField['new_name']) ? '' : ' ' . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($processedField['new_name']))
+                . ' ' . $processedField['type'] . $processedField['length']
+                . $processedField['unsigned']
+                . $processedField['null']
+                . $processedField['default']
+                . $processedField['auto_increment']
+                . $processedField['unique']
+                . (empty($processedField['comment']) ? '' : ' COMMENT ' . $processedField['comment'])
+                . $extraClause;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates SQL to add indexes
+     *
+     * @param bool $asQuery When true returns stand alone SQL, else partial SQL used with CREATE TABLE
+     */
+    protected function _processIndexes(string $table, bool $asQuery = false): array
+    {
+        $sqls  = [''];
+        $index = 0;
+
+        for ($i = 0, $c = count($this->keys); $i < $c; $i++) {
+            $index = $i;
+            if ($asQuery === false) {
+                $index = 0;
+            }
+
+            if (isset($this->keys[$i]['fields'])) {
+                for ($i2 = 0, $c2 = count($this->keys[$i]['fields']); $i2 < $c2; $i2++) {
+                    if (! isset($this->fields[$this->keys[$i]['fields'][$i2]])) {
+                        unset($this->keys[$i]['fields'][$i2]);
+
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (! is_array($this->keys[$i]['fields'])) {
+                $this->keys[$i]['fields'] = [$this->keys[$i]['fields']];
+            }
+
+            $unique = in_array($i, $this->uniqueKeys, true) ? 'UNIQUE ' : '';
+
+            $keyName = $this->db->escapeIdentifiers(($this->keys[$i]['keyName'] === '') ?
+                implode('_', $this->keys[$i]['fields']) :
+                $this->keys[$i]['keyName']);
+
+            if ($asQuery) {
+                $sqls[$index] = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($table) . " ADD {$unique}KEY "
+                    . $keyName
+                    . ' (' . implode(', ', $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($this->keys[$i]['fields'])) . ')';
+            } else {
+                $sqls[$index] .= ",\n\t{$unique}KEY " . $keyName
+                . ' (' . implode(', ', $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($this->keys[$i]['fields'])) . ')';
+            }
+        }
+
+        $this->keys = [];
+
+        return $sqls;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drop Key
+     */
+    public function dropKey(string $table, string $keyName, bool $prefixKeyName = true): bool
+    {
+        $sql = sprintf(
+            $this->dropIndexStr,
+            $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($keyName),
+            $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($this->db->DBPrefix . $table),
+        );
+
+        return $this->db->query($sql);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drop Primary Key
+     */
+    public function dropPrimaryKey(string $table, string $keyName = ''): bool
+    {
+        $sql = sprintf(
+            'ALTER TABLE %s DROP PRIMARY KEY',
+            $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($this->db->DBPrefix . $table),
+        );
+
+        return $this->db->query($sql);
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/MySQLi/PreparedQuery.php

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\MySQLi;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BasePreparedQuery;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\BadMethodCallException;
+use mysqli;
+use mysqli_result;
+use mysqli_sql_exception;
+use mysqli_stmt;
+
+/**
+ * Prepared query for MySQLi
+ *
+ * @extends BasePreparedQuery<mysqli, mysqli_stmt, mysqli_result>
+ */
+class PreparedQuery extends BasePreparedQuery
+{
+    /**
+     * Prepares the query against the database, and saves the connection
+     * info necessary to execute the query later.
+     *
+     * NOTE: This version is based on SQL code. Child classes should
+     * override this method.
+     *
+     * @param array $options Passed to the connection's prepare statement.
+     *                       Unused in the MySQLi driver.
+     */
+    public function _prepare(string $sql, array $options = []): PreparedQuery
+    {
+        // Mysqli driver doesn't like statements
+        // with terminating semicolons.
+        $sql = rtrim($sql, ';');
+
+        if (! $this->statement = $this->db->mysqli->prepare($sql)) {
+            $this->errorCode   = $this->db->mysqli->errno;
+            $this->errorString = $this->db->mysqli->error;
+
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException($this->errorString . ' code: ' . $this->errorCode);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Takes a new set of data and runs it against the currently
+     * prepared query. Upon success, will return a Results object.
+     */
+    public function _execute(array $data): bool
+    {
+        if (! isset($this->statement)) {
+            throw new BadMethodCallException('You must call prepare before trying to execute a prepared statement.');
+        }
+
+        // First off - bind the parameters
+        $bindTypes  = '';
+        $binaryData = [];
+
+        // Determine the type string
+        foreach ($data as $key => $item) {
+            if (is_int($item)) {
+                $bindTypes .= 'i';
+            } elseif (is_numeric($item)) {
+                $bindTypes .= 'd';
+            } elseif (is_string($item) && $this->isBinary($item)) {
+                $bindTypes .= 'b';
+                $binaryData[$key] = $item;
+            } else {
+                $bindTypes .= 's';
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Bind it
+        $this->statement->bind_param($bindTypes, ...$data);
+
+        // Stream binary data
+        foreach ($binaryData as $key => $value) {
+            $this->statement->send_long_data($key, $value);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return $this->statement->execute();
+        } catch (mysqli_sql_exception $e) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result object for the prepared query or false on failure.
+     *
+     * @return false|mysqli_result
+     */
+    public function _getResult()
+    {
+        return $this->statement->get_result();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deallocate prepared statements.
+     */
+    protected function _close(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->statement->close();
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/MySQLi/Result.php

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\MySQLi;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseResult;
+use CodeIgniter\Entity\Entity;
+use mysqli;
+use mysqli_result;
+use stdClass;
+
+/**
+ * Result for MySQLi
+ *
+ * @extends BaseResult<mysqli, mysqli_result>
+ */
+class Result extends BaseResult
+{
+    /**
+     * Gets the number of fields in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getFieldCount(): int
+    {
+        return $this->resultID->field_count;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of column names in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getFieldNames(): array
+    {
+        $fieldNames = [];
+        $this->resultID->field_seek(0);
+
+        while ($field = $this->resultID->fetch_field()) {
+            $fieldNames[] = $field->name;
+        }
+
+        return $fieldNames;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of objects representing field meta-data.
+     */
+    public function getFieldData(): array
+    {
+        static $dataTypes = [
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_DECIMAL    => 'decimal',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_NEWDECIMAL => 'newdecimal',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_FLOAT      => 'float',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_DOUBLE     => 'double',
+
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_BIT      => 'bit',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_SHORT    => 'short',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_LONG     => 'long',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_LONGLONG => 'longlong',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_INT24    => 'int24',
+
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_YEAR => 'year',
+
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_TIMESTAMP => 'timestamp',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_DATE      => 'date',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_TIME      => 'time',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_DATETIME  => 'datetime',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_NEWDATE   => 'newdate',
+
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_SET => 'set',
+
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_VAR_STRING => 'var_string',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_STRING     => 'string',
+
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_GEOMETRY    => 'geometry',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_TINY_BLOB   => 'tiny_blob',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_MEDIUM_BLOB => 'medium_blob',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_LONG_BLOB   => 'long_blob',
+            MYSQLI_TYPE_BLOB        => 'blob',
+        ];
+
+        $retVal    = [];
+        $fieldData = $this->resultID->fetch_fields();
+
+        foreach ($fieldData as $i => $data) {
+            $retVal[$i]              = new stdClass();
+            $retVal[$i]->name        = $data->name;
+            $retVal[$i]->type        = $data->type;
+            $retVal[$i]->type_name   = in_array($data->type, [1, 247], true) ? 'char' : ($dataTypes[$data->type] ?? null);
+            $retVal[$i]->max_length  = $data->max_length;
+            $retVal[$i]->primary_key = $data->flags & 2;
+            $retVal[$i]->length      = $data->length;
+            $retVal[$i]->default     = $data->def;
+        }
+
+        return $retVal;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Frees the current result.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function freeResult()
+    {
+        if (is_object($this->resultID)) {
+            $this->resultID->free();
+            $this->resultID = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Moves the internal pointer to the desired offset. This is called
+     * internally before fetching results to make sure the result set
+     * starts at zero.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function dataSeek(int $n = 0)
+    {
+        return $this->resultID->data_seek($n);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result set as an array.
+     *
+     * Overridden by driver classes.
+     *
+     * @return array|false|null
+     */
+    protected function fetchAssoc()
+    {
+        return $this->resultID->fetch_assoc();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result set as an object.
+     *
+     * Overridden by child classes.
+     *
+     * @return Entity|false|object|stdClass
+     */
+    protected function fetchObject(string $className = 'stdClass')
+    {
+        if (is_subclass_of($className, Entity::class)) {
+            return empty($data = $this->fetchAssoc()) ? false : (new $className())->injectRawData($data);
+        }
+
+        return $this->resultID->fetch_object($className);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of rows in the resultID (i.e., mysqli_result object)
+     */
+    public function getNumRows(): int
+    {
+        if (! is_int($this->numRows)) {
+            $this->numRows = $this->resultID->num_rows;
+        }
+
+        return $this->numRows;
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/MySQLi/Utils.php

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\MySQLi;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseUtils;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+
+/**
+ * Utils for MySQLi
+ */
+class Utils extends BaseUtils
+{
+    /**
+     * List databases statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $listDatabases = 'SHOW DATABASES';
+
+    /**
+     * OPTIMIZE TABLE statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $optimizeTable = 'OPTIMIZE TABLE %s';
+
+    /**
+     * Platform dependent version of the backup function.
+     *
+     * @return never
+     */
+    public function _backup(?array $prefs = null)
+    {
+        throw new DatabaseException('Unsupported feature of the database platform you are using.');
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/PreparedQueryInterface.php

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\BadMethodCallException;
+
+/**
+ * @template TConnection
+ * @template TStatement
+ * @template TResult
+ */
+interface PreparedQueryInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Takes a new set of data and runs it against the currently
+     * prepared query. Upon success, will return a Results object.
+     *
+     * @return bool|ResultInterface<TConnection, TResult>
+     */
+    public function execute(...$data);
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares the query against the database, and saves the connection
+     * info necessary to execute the query later.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function prepare(string $sql, array $options = []);
+
+    /**
+     * Explicity closes the statement.
+     *
+     * @throws BadMethodCallException
+     */
+    public function close(): bool;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the SQL that has been prepared.
+     */
+    public function getQueryString(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error code created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorCode(): int;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error message created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorMessage(): string;
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Query.php

@@ -0,0 +1,433 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use Stringable;
+
+/**
+ * Query builder
+ */
+class Query implements QueryInterface, Stringable
+{
+    /**
+     * The query string, as provided by the user.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $originalQueryString;
+
+    /**
+     * The query string if table prefix has been swapped.
+     *
+     * @var string|null
+     */
+    protected $swappedQueryString;
+
+    /**
+     * The final query string after binding, etc.
+     *
+     * @var string|null
+     */
+    protected $finalQueryString;
+
+    /**
+     * The binds and their values used for binding.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $binds = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Bind marker
+     *
+     * Character used to identify values in a prepared statement.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $bindMarker = '?';
+
+    /**
+     * The start time in seconds with microseconds
+     * for when this query was executed.
+     *
+     * @var float|string
+     */
+    protected $startTime;
+
+    /**
+     * The end time in seconds with microseconds
+     * for when this query was executed.
+     *
+     * @var float
+     */
+    protected $endTime;
+
+    /**
+     * The error code, if any.
+     *
+     * @var int
+     */
+    protected $errorCode;
+
+    /**
+     * The error message, if any.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $errorString;
+
+    /**
+     * Pointer to database connection.
+     * Mainly for escaping features.
+     *
+     * @var ConnectionInterface
+     */
+    public $db;
+
+    public function __construct(ConnectionInterface $db)
+    {
+        $this->db = $db;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the raw query string to use for this statement.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $binds
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setQuery(string $sql, $binds = null, bool $setEscape = true)
+    {
+        $this->originalQueryString = $sql;
+        unset($this->swappedQueryString);
+
+        if ($binds !== null) {
+            if (! is_array($binds)) {
+                $binds = [$binds];
+            }
+
+            if ($setEscape) {
+                array_walk($binds, static function (&$item): void {
+                    $item = [
+                        $item,
+                        true,
+                    ];
+                });
+            }
+            $this->binds = $binds;
+        }
+
+        unset($this->finalQueryString);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Will store the variables to bind into the query later.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setBinds(array $binds, bool $setEscape = true)
+    {
+        if ($setEscape) {
+            array_walk($binds, static function (&$item): void {
+                $item = [$item, true];
+            });
+        }
+
+        $this->binds = $binds;
+
+        unset($this->finalQueryString);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the final, processed query string after binding, etal
+     * has been performed.
+     */
+    public function getQuery(): string
+    {
+        if (empty($this->finalQueryString)) {
+            $this->compileBinds();
+        }
+
+        return $this->finalQueryString;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Records the execution time of the statement using microtime(true)
+     * for it's start and end values. If no end value is present, will
+     * use the current time to determine total duration.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setDuration(float $start, ?float $end = null)
+    {
+        $this->startTime = $start;
+
+        if ($end === null) {
+            $end = microtime(true);
+        }
+
+        $this->endTime = $end;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the start time in seconds with microseconds.
+     *
+     * @return float|string
+     */
+    public function getStartTime(bool $returnRaw = false, int $decimals = 6)
+    {
+        if ($returnRaw) {
+            return $this->startTime;
+        }
+
+        return number_format($this->startTime, $decimals);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the duration of this query during execution, or null if
+     * the query has not been executed yet.
+     *
+     * @param int $decimals The accuracy of the returned time.
+     */
+    public function getDuration(int $decimals = 6): string
+    {
+        return number_format(($this->endTime - $this->startTime), $decimals);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stores the error description that happened for this query.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setError(int $code, string $error)
+    {
+        $this->errorCode   = $code;
+        $this->errorString = $error;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reports whether this statement created an error not.
+     */
+    public function hasError(): bool
+    {
+        return ! empty($this->errorString);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error code created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorCode(): int
+    {
+        return $this->errorCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error message created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorMessage(): string
+    {
+        return $this->errorString;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the statement is a write-type query or not.
+     */
+    public function isWriteType(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->db->isWriteType($this->originalQueryString);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Swaps out one table prefix for a new one.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function swapPrefix(string $orig, string $swap)
+    {
+        $sql = $this->swappedQueryString ?? $this->originalQueryString;
+
+        $from = '/(\W)' . $orig . '(\S)/';
+        $to   = '\\1' . $swap . '\\2';
+
+        $this->swappedQueryString = preg_replace($from, $to, $sql);
+
+        unset($this->finalQueryString);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the original SQL that was passed into the system.
+     */
+    public function getOriginalQuery(): string
+    {
+        return $this->originalQueryString;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Escapes and inserts any binds into the finalQueryString property.
+     *
+     * @see https://regex101.com/r/EUEhay/5
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function compileBinds()
+    {
+        $sql   = $this->swappedQueryString ?? $this->originalQueryString;
+        $binds = $this->binds;
+
+        if (empty($binds)) {
+            $this->finalQueryString = $sql;
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (is_int(array_key_first($binds))) {
+            $bindCount = count($binds);
+            $ml        = strlen($this->bindMarker);
+
+            $this->finalQueryString = $this->matchSimpleBinds($sql, $binds, $bindCount, $ml);
+        } else {
+            // Reverse the binds so that duplicate named binds
+            // will be processed prior to the original binds.
+            $binds = array_reverse($binds);
+
+            $this->finalQueryString = $this->matchNamedBinds($sql, $binds);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Match bindings
+     */
+    protected function matchNamedBinds(string $sql, array $binds): string
+    {
+        $replacers = [];
+
+        foreach ($binds as $placeholder => $value) {
+            // $value[1] contains the boolean whether should be escaped or not
+            $escapedValue = $value[1] ? $this->db->escape($value[0]) : $value[0];
+
+            // In order to correctly handle backlashes in saved strings
+            // we will need to preg_quote, so remove the wrapping escape characters
+            // otherwise it will get escaped.
+            if (is_array($value[0])) {
+                $escapedValue = '(' . implode(',', $escapedValue) . ')';
+            }
+
+            $replacers[":{$placeholder}:"] = $escapedValue;
+        }
+
+        return strtr($sql, $replacers);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Match bindings
+     */
+    protected function matchSimpleBinds(string $sql, array $binds, int $bindCount, int $ml): string
+    {
+        if ($c = preg_match_all("/'[^']*'/", $sql, $matches) >= 1) {
+            $c = preg_match_all('/' . preg_quote($this->bindMarker, '/') . '/i', str_replace($matches[0], str_replace($this->bindMarker, str_repeat(' ', $ml), $matches[0]), $sql, $c), $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
+
+            // Bind values' count must match the count of markers in the query
+            if ($bindCount !== $c) {
+                return $sql;
+            }
+        } elseif (($c = preg_match_all('/' . preg_quote($this->bindMarker, '/') . '/i', $sql, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) !== $bindCount) {
+            return $sql;
+        }
+
+        do {
+            $c--;
+            $escapedValue = $binds[$c][1] ? $this->db->escape($binds[$c][0]) : $binds[$c][0];
+
+            if (is_array($escapedValue)) {
+                $escapedValue = '(' . implode(',', $escapedValue) . ')';
+            }
+
+            $sql = substr_replace($sql, (string) $escapedValue, $matches[0][$c][1], $ml);
+        } while ($c !== 0);
+
+        return $sql;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns string to display in debug toolbar
+     */
+    public function debugToolbarDisplay(): string
+    {
+        // Key words we want bolded
+        static $highlight = [
+            'AND',
+            'AS',
+            'ASC',
+            'AVG',
+            'BY',
+            'COUNT',
+            'DESC',
+            'DISTINCT',
+            'FROM',
+            'GROUP',
+            'HAVING',
+            'IN',
+            'INNER',
+            'INSERT',
+            'INTO',
+            'IS',
+            'JOIN',
+            'LEFT',
+            'LIKE',
+            'LIMIT',
+            'MAX',
+            'MIN',
+            'NOT',
+            'NULL',
+            'OFFSET',
+            'ON',
+            'OR',
+            'ORDER',
+            'RIGHT',
+            'SELECT',
+            'SUM',
+            'UPDATE',
+            'VALUES',
+            'WHERE',
+        ];
+
+        $sql = esc($this->getQuery());
+
+        /**
+         * @see https://stackoverflow.com/a/20767160
+         * @see https://regex101.com/r/hUlrGN/4
+         */
+        $search = '/\b(?:' . implode('|', $highlight) . ')\b(?![^(&#039;)]*&#039;(?:(?:[^(&#039;)]*&#039;){2})*[^(&#039;)]*$)/';
+
+        return preg_replace_callback($search, static fn ($matches): string => '<strong>' . str_replace(' ', '&nbsp;', $matches[0]) . '</strong>', $sql);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return text representation of the query
+     */
+    public function __toString(): string
+    {
+        return $this->getQuery();
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/QueryInterface.php

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+/**
+ * Interface QueryInterface
+ *
+ * Represents a single statement that can be executed against the database.
+ * Statements are platform-specific and can handle binding of binds.
+ */
+interface QueryInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Sets the raw query string to use for this statement.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $binds
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setQuery(string $sql, $binds = null, bool $setEscape = true);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the final, processed query string after binding, etal
+     * has been performed.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getQuery();
+
+    /**
+     * Records the execution time of the statement using microtime(true)
+     * for it's start and end values. If no end value is present, will
+     * use the current time to determine total duration.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setDuration(float $start, ?float $end = null);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the duration of this query during execution, or null if
+     * the query has not been executed yet.
+     *
+     * @param int $decimals The accuracy of the returned time.
+     */
+    public function getDuration(int $decimals = 6): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Stores the error description that happened for this query.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setError(int $code, string $error);
+
+    /**
+     * Reports whether this statement created an error not.
+     */
+    public function hasError(): bool;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error code created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorCode(): int;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the error message created while executing this statement.
+     */
+    public function getErrorMessage(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the statement is a write-type query or not.
+     */
+    public function isWriteType(): bool;
+
+    /**
+     * Swaps out one table prefix for a new one.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function swapPrefix(string $orig, string $swap);
+}

dayrui/System/Database/RawSql.php

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use Stringable;
+
+/**
+ * @see \CodeIgniter\Database\RawSqlTest
+ */
+class RawSql implements Stringable
+{
+    /**
+     * @var string Raw SQL string
+     */
+    private string $string;
+
+    public function __construct(string $sqlString)
+    {
+        $this->string = $sqlString;
+    }
+
+    public function __toString(): string
+    {
+        return $this->string;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create new instance with new SQL string
+     */
+    public function with(string $newSqlString): self
+    {
+        $new         = clone $this;
+        $new->string = $newSqlString;
+
+        return $new;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns unique id for binding key
+     */
+    public function getBindingKey(): string
+    {
+        return 'RawSql' . spl_object_id($this);
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/ResultInterface.php

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use stdClass;
+
+/**
+ * @template TConnection
+ * @template TResult
+ */
+interface ResultInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the results of the query. Typically an array of
+     * individual data rows, which can be either an 'array', an
+     * 'object', or a custom class name.
+     *
+     * @param string $type The row type. Either 'array', 'object', or a class name to use
+     */
+    public function getResult(string $type = 'object'): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the results as an array of custom objects.
+     *
+     * @param string $className The name of the class to use.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function getCustomResultObject(string $className);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the results as an array of arrays.
+     *
+     * If no results, an empty array is returned.
+     */
+    public function getResultArray(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the results as an array of objects.
+     *
+     * If no results, an empty array is returned.
+     */
+    public function getResultObject(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Wrapper object to return a row as either an array, an object, or
+     * a custom class.
+     *
+     * If the row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @template T of object
+     *
+     * @param int|string                       $n    The index of the results to return, or column name.
+     * @param 'array'|'object'|class-string<T> $type The type of result object. 'array', 'object' or class name.
+     *
+     * @return ($n is string ? float|int|string|null : ($type is 'object' ? stdClass|null : ($type is 'array' ? array|null : T|null)))
+     */
+    public function getRow($n = 0, string $type = 'object');
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a row as a custom class instance.
+     *
+     * If the row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @template T of object
+     *
+     * @param int             $n         The index of the results to return.
+     * @param class-string<T> $className
+     *
+     * @return T|null
+     */
+    public function getCustomRowObject(int $n, string $className);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a single row from the results as an array.
+     *
+     * If row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @return array|null
+     */
+    public function getRowArray(int $n = 0);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a single row from the results as an object.
+     *
+     * If row doesn't exist, returns null.
+     *
+     * @return object|stdClass|null
+     */
+    public function getRowObject(int $n = 0);
+
+    /**
+     * Assigns an item into a particular column slot.
+     *
+     * @param array|string               $key
+     * @param array|object|stdClass|null $value
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function setRow($key, $value = null);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "first" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getFirstRow(string $type = 'object');
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "last" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getLastRow(string $type = 'object');
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "next" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getNextRow(string $type = 'object');
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the "previous" row of the current results.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getPreviousRow(string $type = 'object');
+
+    /**
+     * Returns number of rows in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getNumRows(): int;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an unbuffered row and move the pointer to the next row.
+     *
+     * @return array|object|null
+     */
+    public function getUnbufferedRow(string $type = 'object');
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the number of fields in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getFieldCount(): int;
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of column names in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getFieldNames(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of objects representing field meta-data.
+     */
+    public function getFieldData(): array;
+
+    /**
+     * Frees the current result.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function freeResult();
+
+    /**
+     * Moves the internal pointer to the desired offset. This is called
+     * internally before fetching results to make sure the result set
+     * starts at zero.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function dataSeek(int $n = 0);
+}

dayrui/System/Database/SQLite3/Builder.php

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseBuilder;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\RawSql;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\InvalidArgumentException;
+
+/**
+ * Builder for SQLite3
+ */
+class Builder extends BaseBuilder
+{
+    /**
+     * Default installs of SQLite typically do not
+     * support limiting delete clauses.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $canLimitDeletes = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Default installs of SQLite do no support
+     * limiting update queries in combo with WHERE.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $canLimitWhereUpdates = false;
+
+    /**
+     * ORDER BY random keyword
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $randomKeyword = [
+        'RANDOM()',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @var array<string, string>
+     */
+    protected $supportedIgnoreStatements = [
+        'insert' => 'OR IGNORE',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Replace statement
+     *
+     * Generates a platform-specific replace string from the supplied data
+     */
+    protected function _replace(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
+    {
+        return 'INSERT OR ' . parent::_replace($table, $keys, $values);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a platform-specific truncate string from the supplied data
+     *
+     * If the database does not support the TRUNCATE statement,
+     * then this method maps to 'DELETE FROM table'
+     */
+    protected function _truncate(string $table): string
+    {
+        return 'DELETE FROM ' . $table;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a platform-specific batch update string from the supplied data
+     */
+    protected function _updateBatch(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
+    {
+        if (version_compare($this->db->getVersion(), '3.33.0') >= 0) {
+            return parent::_updateBatch($table, $keys, $values);
+        }
+
+        $constraints = $this->QBOptions['constraints'] ?? [];
+
+        if ($constraints === []) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('You must specify a constraint to match on for batch updates.');
+            }
+
+            return ''; // @codeCoverageIgnore
+        }
+
+        if (count($constraints) > 1 || isset($this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData']) || (current($constraints) instanceof RawSql)) {
+            throw new DatabaseException('You are trying to use a feature which requires SQLite version 3.33 or higher.');
+        }
+
+        $index = current($constraints);
+
+        $ids   = [];
+        $final = [];
+
+        foreach ($values as $val) {
+            $val = array_combine($keys, $val);
+
+            $ids[] = $val[$index];
+
+            foreach (array_keys($val) as $field) {
+                if ($field !== $index) {
+                    $final[$field][] = 'WHEN ' . $index . ' = ' . $val[$index] . ' THEN ' . $val[$field];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        $cases = '';
+
+        foreach ($final as $k => $v) {
+            $cases .= $k . " = CASE \n"
+                . implode("\n", $v) . "\n"
+                . 'ELSE ' . $k . ' END, ';
+        }
+
+        $this->where($index . ' IN(' . implode(',', $ids) . ')', null, false);
+
+        return 'UPDATE ' . $this->compileIgnore('update') . $table . ' SET ' . substr($cases, 0, -2) . $this->compileWhereHaving('QBWhere');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a platform-specific upsertBatch string from the supplied data
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    protected function _upsertBatch(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
+    {
+        $sql = $this->QBOptions['sql'] ?? '';
+
+        // if this is the first iteration of batch then we need to build skeleton sql
+        if ($sql === '') {
+            $constraints = $this->QBOptions['constraints'] ?? [];
+
+            if (empty($constraints)) {
+                $fieldNames = array_map(static fn ($columnName): string => trim($columnName, '`'), $keys);
+
+                $allIndexes = array_filter($this->db->getIndexData($table), static function ($index) use ($fieldNames): bool {
+                    $hasAllFields = count(array_intersect($index->fields, $fieldNames)) === count($index->fields);
+
+                    return ($index->type === 'PRIMARY' || $index->type === 'UNIQUE') && $hasAllFields;
+                });
+
+                foreach ($allIndexes as $index) {
+                    $constraints = $index->fields;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                $constraints = $this->onConstraint($constraints)->QBOptions['constraints'] ?? [];
+            }
+
+            if (empty($constraints)) {
+                if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                    throw new DatabaseException('No constraint found for upsert.');
+                }
+
+                return ''; // @codeCoverageIgnore
+            }
+
+            $alias = $this->QBOptions['alias'] ?? '`excluded`';
+
+            if (strtolower($alias) !== '`excluded`') {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException('SQLite alias is always named "excluded". A custom alias cannot be used.');
+            }
+
+            $updateFields = $this->QBOptions['updateFields'] ??
+                $this->updateFields($keys, false, $constraints)->QBOptions['updateFields'] ??
+                [];
+
+            $sql = 'INSERT INTO ' . $table . ' (';
+
+            $sql .= implode(', ', array_map(static fn ($columnName): string => $columnName, $keys));
+
+            $sql .= ")\n";
+
+            $sql .= '{:_table_:}';
+
+            $sql .= 'ON CONFLICT(' . implode(',', $constraints) . ")\n";
+
+            $sql .= "DO UPDATE SET\n";
+
+            $sql .= implode(
+                ",\n",
+                array_map(
+                    static fn ($key, $value): string => $key . ($value instanceof RawSql ?
+                        " = {$value}" :
+                        " = {$alias}.{$value}"),
+                    array_keys($updateFields),
+                    $updateFields,
+                ),
+            );
+
+            $this->QBOptions['sql'] = $sql;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'])) {
+            $hasWhere = stripos($this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'], 'WHERE') > 0;
+
+            $data = $this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'] . ($hasWhere ? '' : "\nWHERE 1 = 1\n");
+        } else {
+            $data = 'VALUES ' . implode(', ', $this->formatValues($values)) . "\n";
+        }
+
+        return str_replace('{:_table_:}', $data, $sql);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a platform-specific batch update string from the supplied data
+     */
+    protected function _deleteBatch(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
+    {
+        $sql = $this->QBOptions['sql'] ?? '';
+
+        // if this is the first iteration of batch then we need to build skeleton sql
+        if ($sql === '') {
+            $constraints = $this->QBOptions['constraints'] ?? [];
+
+            if ($constraints === []) {
+                if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                    throw new DatabaseException('You must specify a constraint to match on for batch deletes.'); // @codeCoverageIgnore
+                }
+
+                return ''; // @codeCoverageIgnore
+            }
+
+            $sql = 'DELETE FROM ' . $table . "\n";
+
+            if (current($constraints) instanceof RawSql && $this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('You cannot use RawSql for constraint in SQLite.');
+                // @codeCoverageIgnore
+            }
+
+            if (is_string(current(array_keys($constraints)))) {
+                $concat1 = implode(' || ', array_keys($constraints));
+                $concat2 = implode(' || ', array_values($constraints));
+            } else {
+                $concat1 = implode(' || ', $constraints);
+                $concat2 = $concat1;
+            }
+
+            $sql .= "WHERE {$concat1} IN (SELECT {$concat2} FROM (\n{:_table_:}))";
+
+            // where is not supported
+            if ($this->QBWhere !== [] && $this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('You cannot use WHERE with SQLite.');
+                // @codeCoverageIgnore
+            }
+
+            $this->QBOptions['sql'] = $sql;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'])) {
+            $data = $this->QBOptions['setQueryAsData'];
+        } else {
+            $data = implode(
+                " UNION ALL\n",
+                array_map(
+                    static fn ($value): string => 'SELECT ' . implode(', ', array_map(
+                        static fn ($key, $index): string => $index . ' ' . $key,
+                        $keys,
+                        $value,
+                    )),
+                    $values,
+                ),
+            ) . "\n";
+        }
+
+        return str_replace('{:_table_:}', $data, $sql);
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/SQLite3/Forge.php

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseConnection;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Forge as BaseForge;
+
+/**
+ * Forge for SQLite3
+ */
+class Forge extends BaseForge
+{
+    /**
+     * DROP INDEX statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $dropIndexStr = 'DROP INDEX %s';
+
+    /**
+     * @var Connection
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    /**
+     * UNSIGNED support
+     *
+     * @var array|bool
+     */
+    protected $_unsigned = false;
+
+    /**
+     * NULL value representation in CREATE/ALTER TABLE statements
+     *
+     * @var string
+     *
+     * @internal
+     */
+    protected $null = 'NULL';
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     */
+    public function __construct(BaseConnection $db)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($db);
+
+        if (version_compare($this->db->getVersion(), '3.3', '<')) {
+            $this->dropTableIfStr = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create database
+     *
+     * @param bool $ifNotExists Whether to add IF NOT EXISTS condition
+     */
+    public function createDatabase(string $dbName, bool $ifNotExists = false): bool
+    {
+        // In SQLite, a database is created when you connect to the database.
+        // We'll return TRUE so that an error isn't generated.
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drop database
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function dropDatabase(string $dbName): bool
+    {
+        // In SQLite, a database is dropped when we delete a file
+        if (! is_file($dbName)) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('Unable to drop the specified database.');
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // We need to close the pseudo-connection first
+        $this->db->close();
+        if (! @unlink($dbName)) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException('Unable to drop the specified database.');
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (! empty($this->db->dataCache['db_names'])) {
+            $key = array_search(strtolower($dbName), array_map('strtolower', $this->db->dataCache['db_names']), true);
+            if ($key !== false) {
+                unset($this->db->dataCache['db_names'][$key]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param list<string>|string $columnNames
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function dropColumn(string $table, $columnNames): bool
+    {
+        //$columns = is_array($columnNames) ? $columnNames : array_map(trim(...), explode(',', $columnNames));
+        $columns = is_array($columnNames) ? $columnNames : array_map('trim', explode(',', $columnNames));
+        $result  = (new Table($this->db, $this))
+            ->fromTable($this->db->DBPrefix . $table)
+            ->dropColumn($columns)
+            ->run();
+
+        if (! $result && $this->db->DBDebug) {
+            throw new DatabaseException(sprintf(
+                'Failed to drop column%s "%s" on "%s" table.',
+                count($columns) > 1 ? 's' : '',
+                implode('", "', $columns),
+                $table,
+            ));
+        }
+
+        return $result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array|string $processedFields Processed column definitions
+     *                                      or column names to DROP
+     *
+     * @return ($alterType is 'DROP' ? string : list<string>|null)
+     */
+    protected function _alterTable(string $alterType, string $table, $processedFields)
+    {
+        switch ($alterType) {
+            case 'CHANGE':
+                $fieldsToModify = [];
+
+                foreach ($processedFields as $processedField) {
+                    $name    = $processedField['name'];
+                    $newName = $processedField['new_name'];
+
+                    $field             = $this->fields[$name];
+                    $field['name']     = $name;
+                    $field['new_name'] = $newName;
+
+                    // Unlike when creating a table, if `null` is not specified,
+                    // the column will be `NULL`, not `NOT NULL`.
+                    if ($processedField['null'] === '') {
+                        $field['null'] = true;
+                    }
+
+                    $fieldsToModify[] = $field;
+                }
+
+                (new Table($this->db, $this))
+                    ->fromTable($table)
+                    ->modifyColumn($fieldsToModify)
+                    ->run();
+
+                return null; // Why null?
+
+            default:
+                return parent::_alterTable($alterType, $table, $processedFields);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process column
+     */
+    protected function _processColumn(array $processedField): string
+    {
+        if ($processedField['type'] === 'TEXT' && str_starts_with($processedField['length'], "('")) {
+            $processedField['type'] .= ' CHECK(' . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($processedField['name'])
+                . ' IN ' . $processedField['length'] . ')';
+        }
+
+        return $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($processedField['name'])
+            . ' ' . $processedField['type']
+            . $processedField['auto_increment']
+            . $processedField['null']
+            . $processedField['unique']
+            . $processedField['default'];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Field attribute TYPE
+     *
+     * Performs a data type mapping between different databases.
+     */
+    protected function _attributeType(array &$attributes)
+    {
+        switch (strtoupper($attributes['TYPE'])) {
+            case 'ENUM':
+            case 'SET':
+                $attributes['TYPE'] = 'TEXT';
+                break;
+
+            case 'BOOLEAN':
+                $attributes['TYPE'] = 'INT';
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Field attribute AUTO_INCREMENT
+     */
+    protected function _attributeAutoIncrement(array &$attributes, array &$field)
+    {
+        if (
+            ! empty($attributes['AUTO_INCREMENT'])
+            && $attributes['AUTO_INCREMENT'] === true
+            && str_contains(strtolower($field['type']), 'int')
+        ) {
+            $field['type']           = 'INTEGER PRIMARY KEY';
+            $field['default']        = '';
+            $field['null']           = '';
+            $field['unique']         = '';
+            $field['auto_increment'] = ' AUTOINCREMENT';
+
+            $this->primaryKeys = [];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Foreign Key Drop
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function dropForeignKey(string $table, string $foreignName): bool
+    {
+        // If this version of SQLite doesn't support it, we're done here
+        if ($this->db->supportsForeignKeys() !== true) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Otherwise we have to copy the table and recreate
+        // without the foreign key being involved now
+        $sqlTable = new Table($this->db, $this);
+
+        return $sqlTable->fromTable($this->db->DBPrefix . $table)
+            ->dropForeignKey($foreignName)
+            ->run();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drop Primary Key
+     */
+    public function dropPrimaryKey(string $table, string $keyName = ''): bool
+    {
+        $sqlTable = new Table($this->db, $this);
+
+        return $sqlTable->fromTable($this->db->DBPrefix . $table)
+            ->dropPrimaryKey()
+            ->run();
+    }
+
+    public function addForeignKey($fieldName = '', string $tableName = '', $tableField = '', string $onUpdate = '', string $onDelete = '', string $fkName = ''): BaseForge
+    {
+        if ($fkName === '') {
+            return parent::addForeignKey($fieldName, $tableName, $tableField, $onUpdate, $onDelete, $fkName);
+        }
+
+        throw new DatabaseException('SQLite does not support foreign key names. CodeIgniter will refer to them in the format: prefix_table_column_referencecolumn_foreign');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates SQL to add primary key
+     *
+     * @param bool $asQuery When true recreates table with key, else partial SQL used with CREATE TABLE
+     */
+    protected function _processPrimaryKeys(string $table, bool $asQuery = false): string
+    {
+        if ($asQuery === false) {
+            return parent::_processPrimaryKeys($table, $asQuery);
+        }
+
+        $sqlTable = new Table($this->db, $this);
+
+        $sqlTable->fromTable($this->db->DBPrefix . $table)
+            ->addPrimaryKey($this->primaryKeys)
+            ->run();
+
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates SQL to add foreign keys
+     *
+     * @param bool $asQuery When true recreates table with key, else partial SQL used with CREATE TABLE
+     */
+    protected function _processForeignKeys(string $table, bool $asQuery = false): array
+    {
+        if ($asQuery === false) {
+            return parent::_processForeignKeys($table, $asQuery);
+        }
+
+        $errorNames = [];
+
+        foreach ($this->foreignKeys as $name) {
+            foreach ($name['field'] as $f) {
+                if (! isset($this->fields[$f])) {
+                    $errorNames[] = $f;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($errorNames !== []) {
+            $errorNames = [implode(', ', $errorNames)];
+
+            throw new DatabaseException(lang('Database.fieldNotExists', $errorNames));
+        }
+
+        $sqlTable = new Table($this->db, $this);
+
+        $sqlTable->fromTable($this->db->DBPrefix . $table)
+            ->addForeignKey($this->foreignKeys)
+            ->run();
+
+        return [];
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/SQLite3/PreparedQuery.php

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BasePreparedQuery;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\BadMethodCallException;
+use Exception;
+use SQLite3;
+use SQLite3Result;
+use SQLite3Stmt;
+
+/**
+ * Prepared query for SQLite3
+ *
+ * @extends BasePreparedQuery<SQLite3, SQLite3Stmt, SQLite3Result>
+ */
+class PreparedQuery extends BasePreparedQuery
+{
+    /**
+     * The SQLite3Result resource, or false.
+     *
+     * @var false|SQLite3Result
+     */
+    protected $result;
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares the query against the database, and saves the connection
+     * info necessary to execute the query later.
+     *
+     * NOTE: This version is based on SQL code. Child classes should
+     * override this method.
+     *
+     * @param array $options Passed to the connection's prepare statement.
+     *                       Unused in the MySQLi driver.
+     */
+    public function _prepare(string $sql, array $options = []): PreparedQuery
+    {
+        if (! ($this->statement = $this->db->connID->prepare($sql))) {
+            $this->errorCode   = $this->db->connID->lastErrorCode();
+            $this->errorString = $this->db->connID->lastErrorMsg();
+
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException($this->errorString . ' code: ' . $this->errorCode);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Takes a new set of data and runs it against the currently
+     * prepared query. Upon success, will return a Results object.
+     */
+    public function _execute(array $data): bool
+    {
+        if (! isset($this->statement)) {
+            throw new BadMethodCallException('You must call prepare before trying to execute a prepared statement.');
+        }
+
+        foreach ($data as $key => $item) {
+            // Determine the type string
+            if (is_int($item)) {
+                $bindType = SQLITE3_INTEGER;
+            } elseif (is_float($item)) {
+                $bindType = SQLITE3_FLOAT;
+            } elseif (is_string($item) && $this->isBinary($item)) {
+                $bindType = SQLITE3_BLOB;
+            } else {
+                $bindType = SQLITE3_TEXT;
+            }
+
+            // Bind it
+            $this->statement->bindValue($key + 1, $item, $bindType);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $this->result = $this->statement->execute();
+        } catch (Exception $e) {
+            if ($this->db->DBDebug) {
+                throw new DatabaseException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return $this->result !== false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result object for the prepared query or false on failure.
+     *
+     * @return false|SQLite3Result
+     */
+    public function _getResult()
+    {
+        return $this->result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deallocate prepared statements.
+     */
+    protected function _close(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->statement->close();
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/SQLite3/Result.php

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3;
+
+use Closure;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseResult;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+use CodeIgniter\Entity\Entity;
+use SQLite3;
+use SQLite3Result;
+use stdClass;
+
+/**
+ * Result for SQLite3
+ *
+ * @extends BaseResult<SQLite3, SQLite3Result>
+ */
+class Result extends BaseResult
+{
+    /**
+     * Gets the number of fields in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getFieldCount(): int
+    {
+        return $this->resultID->numColumns();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of column names in the result set.
+     */
+    public function getFieldNames(): array
+    {
+        $fieldNames = [];
+
+        for ($i = 0, $c = $this->getFieldCount(); $i < $c; $i++) {
+            $fieldNames[] = $this->resultID->columnName($i);
+        }
+
+        return $fieldNames;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates an array of objects representing field meta-data.
+     */
+    public function getFieldData(): array
+    {
+        static $dataTypes = [
+            SQLITE3_INTEGER => 'integer',
+            SQLITE3_FLOAT   => 'float',
+            SQLITE3_TEXT    => 'text',
+            SQLITE3_BLOB    => 'blob',
+            SQLITE3_NULL    => 'null',
+        ];
+
+        $retVal = [];
+        $this->resultID->fetchArray(SQLITE3_NUM);
+
+        for ($i = 0, $c = $this->getFieldCount(); $i < $c; $i++) {
+            $retVal[$i]             = new stdClass();
+            $retVal[$i]->name       = $this->resultID->columnName($i);
+            $type                   = $this->resultID->columnType($i);
+            $retVal[$i]->type       = $type;
+            $retVal[$i]->type_name  = $dataTypes[$type] ?? null;
+            $retVal[$i]->max_length = null;
+            $retVal[$i]->length     = null;
+        }
+        $this->resultID->reset();
+
+        return $retVal;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Frees the current result.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function freeResult()
+    {
+        if (is_object($this->resultID)) {
+            $this->resultID->finalize();
+            $this->resultID = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Moves the internal pointer to the desired offset. This is called
+     * internally before fetching results to make sure the result set
+     * starts at zero.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     *
+     * @throws DatabaseException
+     */
+    public function dataSeek(int $n = 0)
+    {
+        if ($n !== 0) {
+            throw new DatabaseException('SQLite3 doesn\'t support seeking to other offset.');
+        }
+
+        return $this->resultID->reset();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result set as an array.
+     *
+     * Overridden by driver classes.
+     *
+     * @return array|false
+     */
+    protected function fetchAssoc()
+    {
+        return $this->resultID->fetchArray(SQLITE3_ASSOC);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the result set as an object.
+     *
+     * Overridden by child classes.
+     *
+     * @return Entity|false|object|stdClass
+     */
+    protected function fetchObject(string $className = 'stdClass')
+    {
+        // No native support for fetching rows as objects
+        if (($row = $this->fetchAssoc()) === false) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if ($className === 'stdClass') {
+            return (object) $row;
+        }
+
+        $classObj = new $className();
+
+        if (is_subclass_of($className, Entity::class)) {
+            return $classObj->injectRawData($row);
+        }
+
+        $classSet = Closure::bind(function ($key, $value): void {
+            $this->{$key} = $value;
+        }, $classObj, $className);
+
+        foreach (array_keys($row) as $key) {
+            $classSet($key, $row[$key]);
+        }
+
+        return $classObj;
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/SQLite3/Table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DataException;
+use stdClass;
+
+/**
+ * Provides missing features for altering tables that are common
+ * in other supported databases, but are missing from SQLite.
+ * These are needed in order to support migrations during testing
+ * when another database is used as the primary engine, but
+ * SQLite in memory databases are used for faster test execution.
+ */
+class Table
+{
+    /**
+     * All of the fields this table represents.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, array<string, bool|int|string|null>> [name => attributes]
+     */
+    protected $fields = [];
+
+    /**
+     * All of the unique/primary keys in the table.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $keys = [];
+
+    /**
+     * All of the foreign keys in the table.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $foreignKeys = [];
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the table we're working with.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $tableName;
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the table, with database prefix
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $prefixedTableName;
+
+    /**
+     * Database connection.
+     *
+     * @var Connection
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    /**
+     * Handle to our forge.
+     *
+     * @var Forge
+     */
+    protected $forge;
+
+    /**
+     * Table constructor.
+     */
+    public function __construct(Connection $db, Forge $forge)
+    {
+        $this->db    = $db;
+        $this->forge = $forge;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads an existing database table and
+     * collects all of the information needed to
+     * recreate this table.
+     *
+     * @return Table
+     */
+    public function fromTable(string $table)
+    {
+        $this->prefixedTableName = $table;
+
+        $prefix = $this->db->DBPrefix;
+
+        if (! empty($prefix) && str_starts_with($table, $prefix)) {
+            $table = substr($table, strlen($prefix));
+        }
+
+        if (! $this->db->tableExists($this->prefixedTableName)) {
+            throw DataException::forTableNotFound($this->prefixedTableName);
+        }
+
+        $this->tableName = $table;
+
+        $this->fields = $this->formatFields($this->db->getFieldData($table));
+
+        $indexData = $this->db->getIndexData($table);
+        $this->keys = array_merge($this->keys, $this->formatKeys(is_array($indexData) ? $indexData : []));
+
+        // if primary key index exists twice then remove psuedo index name 'primary'.
+        $primaryIndexes = array_filter($this->keys, static fn ($index): bool => $index['type'] === 'primary');
+
+        if ($primaryIndexes !== [] && count($primaryIndexes) > 1 && array_key_exists('primary', $this->keys)) {
+            unset($this->keys['primary']);
+        }
+
+        $fkData = $this->db->getForeignKeyData($table);
+        $this->foreignKeys = is_array($fkData) ? $fkData : [];
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called after `fromTable` and any actions, like `dropColumn`, etc,
+     * to finalize the action. It creates a temp table, creates the new
+     * table with modifications, and copies the data over to the new table.
+     * Resets the connection dataCache to be sure changes are collected.
+     */
+    public function run(): bool
+    {
+        // 重建表前确保等待锁，避免立刻 database is locked
+        if (method_exists($this->db, 'connID') || isset($this->db->connID)) {
+            $conn = $this->db->connID ?? null;
+            if ($conn instanceof \SQLite3) {
+                $conn->busyTimeout(10000);
+                @$conn->exec('PRAGMA busy_timeout = 10000');
+            }
+        }
+
+        $this->db->query('PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF');
+
+        $this->db->transStart();
+
+        $success = false;
+
+        try {
+            $this->forge->renameTable($this->tableName, "temp_{$this->tableName}");
+
+            $this->forge->reset();
+
+            $this->createTable();
+
+            $this->copyData();
+
+            $this->forge->dropTable("temp_{$this->tableName}");
+
+            $success = $this->db->transComplete();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            // 必须回滚，否则同请求后续操作会一直 database is locked
+            $this->db->transRollback();
+            // 尽量恢复外键后再抛出
+            try {
+                $this->db->query('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON');
+            } catch (\Throwable $ignore) {
+            }
+            $this->db->resetDataCache();
+
+            throw $e;
+        }
+
+        $this->db->query('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON');
+
+        $this->db->resetDataCache();
+
+        return $success;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drops columns from the table.
+     *
+     * @param list<string>|string $columns Column names to drop.
+     *
+     * @return Table
+     */
+    public function dropColumn($columns)
+    {
+        if (is_string($columns)) {
+            $columns = explode(',', $columns);
+        }
+
+        foreach ($columns as $column) {
+            $column = trim($column);
+            if (isset($this->fields[$column])) {
+                unset($this->fields[$column]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Modifies a field, including changing data type, renaming, etc.
+     *
+     * @param list<array<string, bool|int|string|null>> $fieldsToModify
+     *
+     * @return Table
+     */
+    public function modifyColumn(array $fieldsToModify)
+    {
+        foreach ($fieldsToModify as $field) {
+            $oldName = $field['name'];
+            unset($field['name']);
+
+            $this->fields[$oldName] = $field;
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drops the primary key
+     */
+    public function dropPrimaryKey(): Table
+    {
+        $primaryIndexes = array_filter($this->keys, static fn ($index): bool => strtolower($index['type']) === 'primary');
+
+        foreach (array_keys($primaryIndexes) as $key) {
+            unset($this->keys[$key]);
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drops a foreign key from this table so that
+     * it won't be recreated in the future.
+     *
+     * @return Table
+     */
+    public function dropForeignKey(string $foreignName)
+    {
+        if (empty($this->foreignKeys)) {
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->foreignKeys[$foreignName])) {
+            unset($this->foreignKeys[$foreignName]);
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds primary key
+     */
+    public function addPrimaryKey(array $fields): Table
+    {
+        $primaryIndexes = array_filter($this->keys, static fn ($index): bool => strtolower($index['type']) === 'primary');
+
+        // if primary key already exists we can't add another one
+        if ($primaryIndexes !== []) {
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        // add array to keys of fields
+        $pk = [
+            'fields' => $fields['fields'],
+            'type'   => 'primary',
+        ];
+
+        $this->keys['primary'] = $pk;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a foreign key
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function addForeignKey(array $foreignKeys)
+    {
+        $fk = [];
+
+        // convert to object
+        foreach ($foreignKeys as $row) {
+            $obj                      = new stdClass();
+            $obj->column_name         = $row['field'];
+            $obj->foreign_table_name  = $row['referenceTable'];
+            $obj->foreign_column_name = $row['referenceField'];
+            $obj->on_delete           = $row['onDelete'];
+            $obj->on_update           = $row['onUpdate'];
+
+            $fk[] = $obj;
+        }
+
+        $this->foreignKeys = array_merge($this->foreignKeys, $fk);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates the new table based on our current fields.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    protected function createTable()
+    {
+        $this->dropIndexes();
+        $this->db->resetDataCache();
+
+        // Handle any modified columns.
+        $fields = [];
+
+        foreach ($this->fields as $name => $field) {
+            if (isset($field['new_name'])) {
+                $fields[$field['new_name']] = $field;
+
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $fields[$name] = $field;
+        }
+
+        $this->forge->addField($fields);
+
+        $fieldNames = array_keys($fields);
+
+        $this->keys = array_filter(
+            $this->keys,
+            static fn ($index): bool => count(array_intersect($index['fields'], $fieldNames)) === count($index['fields']),
+        );
+
+        // Unique/Index keys
+        if (is_array($this->keys)) {
+            foreach ($this->keys as $keyName => $key) {
+                switch ($key['type']) {
+                    case 'primary':
+                        $this->forge->addPrimaryKey($key['fields']);
+                        break;
+
+                    case 'unique':
+                        $this->forge->addUniqueKey($key['fields'], $keyName);
+                        break;
+
+                    case 'index':
+                        $this->forge->addKey($key['fields'], false, false, $keyName);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($this->foreignKeys as $foreignKey) {
+            $this->forge->addForeignKey(
+                $foreignKey->column_name,
+                trim($foreignKey->foreign_table_name, $this->db->DBPrefix),
+                $foreignKey->foreign_column_name,
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $this->forge->createTable($this->tableName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copies data from our old table to the new one,
+     * taking care map data correctly based on any columns
+     * that have been renamed.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function copyData()
+    {
+        $exFields  = [];
+        $newFields = [];
+
+        foreach ($this->fields as $name => $details) {
+            $newFields[] = $details['new_name'] ?? $name;
+            $exFields[]  = $name;
+        }
+
+        $exFields = implode(
+            ', ',
+            array_map(fn ($item) => $this->db->protectIdentifiers($item), $exFields),
+        );
+        $newFields = implode(
+            ', ',
+            array_map(fn ($item) => $this->db->protectIdentifiers($item), $newFields),
+        );
+
+        $this->db->query(
+            "INSERT INTO {$this->prefixedTableName}({$newFields}) SELECT {$exFields} FROM {$this->db->DBPrefix}temp_{$this->tableName}",
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts fields retrieved from the database to
+     * the format needed for creating fields with Forge.
+     *
+     * @param array|bool $fields
+     *
+     * @return ($fields is array ? array : mixed)
+     */
+    protected function formatFields($fields)
+    {
+        if (! is_array($fields)) {
+            return $fields;
+        }
+
+        $return = [];
+
+        foreach ($fields as $field) {
+            $return[$field->name] = [
+                'type'    => $field->type,
+                'default' => $field->default,
+                'null'    => $field->nullable,
+            ];
+
+            if ($field->default === null) {
+                // `null` means that the default value is not defined.
+                unset($return[$field->name]['default']);
+            } elseif ($field->default === 'NULL') {
+                // 'NULL' means that the default value is NULL.
+                $return[$field->name]['default'] = null;
+            } else {
+                $default = trim($field->default, "'");
+
+                if ($this->isIntegerType($field->type)) {
+                    $default = (int) $default;
+                } elseif ($this->isNumericType($field->type)) {
+                    $default = (float) $default;
+                }
+
+                $return[$field->name]['default'] = $default;
+            }
+
+            if ($field->primary_key) {
+                $this->keys['primary'] = [
+                    'fields' => [$field->name],
+                    'type'   => 'primary',
+                ];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Is INTEGER type?
+     *
+     * @param string $type SQLite data type (case-insensitive)
+     *
+     * @see https://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html
+     */
+    private function isIntegerType(string $type): bool
+    {
+        return str_contains(strtoupper($type), 'INT');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Is NUMERIC type?
+     *
+     * @param string $type SQLite data type (case-insensitive)
+     *
+     * @see https://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html
+     */
+    private function isNumericType(string $type): bool
+    {
+        return in_array(strtoupper($type), ['NUMERIC', 'DECIMAL'], true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts keys retrieved from the database to
+     * the format needed to create later.
+     *
+     * @param array<string, stdClass> $keys
+     *
+     * @return array<string, array{fields: string, type: string}>
+     */
+    protected function formatKeys($keys)
+    {
+        $return = [];
+
+        foreach ($keys as $name => $key) {
+            $return[strtolower($name)] = [
+                'fields' => $key->fields,
+                'type'   => strtolower($key->type),
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Attempts to drop all indexes and constraints
+     * from the database for this table.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function dropIndexes()
+    {
+        if (! is_array($this->keys) || $this->keys === []) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach (array_keys($this->keys) as $name) {
+            if ($name === 'primary') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $this->db->query("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS '{$name}'");
+        }
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/SQLite3/Utils.php

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database\SQLite3;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Database\BaseUtils;
+use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
+
+/**
+ * Utils for SQLite3
+ */
+class Utils extends BaseUtils
+{
+    /**
+     * OPTIMIZE TABLE statement
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $optimizeTable = 'REINDEX %s';
+
+    /**
+     * Platform dependent version of the backup function.
+     *
+     * @return never
+     */
+    public function _backup(?array $prefs = null)
+    {
+        throw new DatabaseException('Unsupported feature of the database platform you are using.');
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/Seeder.php

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+use CodeIgniter\CLI\CLI;
+use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\InvalidArgumentException;
+use Config\Database;
+use Faker\Factory;
+use Faker\Generator;
+
+/**
+ * Class Seeder
+ */
+class Seeder
+{
+    /**
+     * The name of the database group to use.
+     *
+     * @var non-empty-string
+     */
+    protected $DBGroup;
+
+    /**
+     * Where we can find the Seed files.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $seedPath;
+
+    /**
+     * An instance of the main Database configuration
+     *
+     * @var Database
+     */
+    protected $config;
+
+    /**
+     * Database Connection instance
+     *
+     * @var BaseConnection
+     */
+    protected $db;
+
+    /**
+     * Database Forge instance.
+     *
+     * @var Forge
+     */
+    protected $forge;
+
+    /**
+     * If true, will not display CLI messages.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $silent = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Faker Generator instance.
+     *
+     * @deprecated
+     */
+    private static ?Generator $faker = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Seeder constructor.
+     */
+    public function __construct(Database $config, ?BaseConnection $db = null)
+    {
+        $this->seedPath = $config->filesPath ?? APPPATH . 'Database/';
+
+        if ($this->seedPath === '') {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid filesPath set in the Config\Database.');
+        }
+
+        $this->seedPath = rtrim($this->seedPath, '\\/') . '/Seeds/';
+
+        if (! is_dir($this->seedPath)) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Unable to locate the seeds directory. Please check Config\Database::filesPath');
+        }
+
+        $this->config = &$config;
+
+        $db ??= Database::connect($this->DBGroup);
+
+        $this->db    = $db;
+        $this->forge = Database::forge($this->DBGroup);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the Faker Generator instance.
+     *
+     * @deprecated
+     */
+    public static function faker(): ?Generator
+    {
+        if (! self::$faker instanceof Generator && class_exists(Factory::class)) {
+            self::$faker = Factory::create();
+        }
+
+        return self::$faker;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads the specified seeder and runs it.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
+     */
+    public function call(string $class)
+    {
+        $class = trim($class);
+
+        if ($class === '') {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('No seeder was specified.');
+        }
+
+        if (! str_contains($class, '\\')) {
+            $path = $this->seedPath . str_replace('.php', '', $class) . '.php';
+
+            if (! is_file($path)) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException('The specified seeder is not a valid file: ' . $path);
+            }
+
+            // Assume the class has the correct namespace
+            // @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
+            $class = APP_NAMESPACE . '\Database\Seeds\\' . $class;
+
+            if (! class_exists($class, false)) {
+                require_once $path;
+            }
+            // @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
+        }
+
+        /** @var Seeder $seeder */
+        $seeder = new $class($this->config);
+        $seeder->setSilent($this->silent)->run();
+
+        unset($seeder);
+
+        if (is_cli() && ! $this->silent) {
+            CLI::write("Seeded: {$class}", 'green');
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the location of the directory that seed files can be located in.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setPath(string $path)
+    {
+        $this->seedPath = rtrim($path, '\\/') . '/';
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the silent treatment.
+     *
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setSilent(bool $silent)
+    {
+        $this->silent = $silent;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run the database seeds. This is where the magic happens.
+     *
+     * Child classes must implement this method and take care
+     * of inserting their data here.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @codeCoverageIgnore
+     */
+    public function run()
+    {
+    }
+}

dayrui/System/Database/TableName.php

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a table name in SQL.
+ *
+ * @interal
+ *
+ * @see \CodeIgniter\Database\TableNameTest
+ */
+class TableName
+{
+    /**
+     * @param string $actualTable  Actual table name
+     * @param string $logicalTable Logical table name (w/o DB prefix)
+     * @param string $schema       Schema name
+     * @param string $database     Database name
+     * @param string $alias        Alias name
+     */
+    protected function __construct(
+        private readonly string $actualTable,
+        private readonly string $logicalTable = '',
+        private readonly string $schema = '',
+        private readonly string $database = '',
+        private readonly string $alias = '',
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new instance.
+     *
+     * @param string $table Table name (w/o DB prefix)
+     * @param string $alias Alias name
+     */
+    public static function create(string $dbPrefix, string $table, string $alias = ''): self
+    {
+        return new self(
+            $dbPrefix . $table,
+            $table,
+            '',
+            '',
+            $alias,
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new instance from an actual table name.
+     *
+     * @param string $actualTable Actual table name with DB prefix
+     * @param string $alias       Alias name
+     */
+    public static function fromActualName(string $dbPrefix, string $actualTable, string $alias = ''): self
+    {
+        $prefix       = $dbPrefix;
+        $logicalTable = '';
+
+        if (str_starts_with($actualTable, $prefix)) {
+            $logicalTable = substr($actualTable, strlen($prefix));
+        }
+
+        return new self(
+            $actualTable,
+            $logicalTable,
+            '',
+            $alias,
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new instance from full name.
+     *
+     * @param string $table    Table name (w/o DB prefix)
+     * @param string $schema   Schema name
+     * @param string $database Database name
+     * @param string $alias    Alias name
+     */
+    public static function fromFullName(
+        string $dbPrefix,
+        string $table,
+        string $schema = '',
+        string $database = '',
+        string $alias = '',
+    ): self {
+        return new self(
+            $dbPrefix . $table,
+            $table,
+            $schema,
+            $database,
+            $alias,
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the single segment table name w/o DB prefix.
+     */
+    public function getTableName(): string
+    {
+        return $this->logicalTable;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the actual single segment table name w/z DB prefix.
+     */
+    public function getActualTableName(): string
+    {
+        return $this->actualTable;
+    }
+
+    public function getAlias(): string
+    {
+        return $this->alias;
+    }
+
+    public function getSchema(): string
+    {
+        return $this->schema;
+    }
+
+    public function getDatabase(): string
+    {
+        return $this->database;
+    }
+}